Science 9 PAT

Question 1

Types of diversity

Answer 1

Ecosystem,species,genetic

Question 2

More variation = ?

Answer 2

More resilient=higher diversity

Question 3

Species

Answer 3

Any organism that can reproduce a fertile offspring due to similar genetic codes

Question 4

Diversity

Answer 4

Number and varient of species in an ecosystem

Question 5

True/false diversity decreases closer to poles

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Diversity decreases further from equator bc

Answer 6

variations in temp
food=more scarce

Question 7

highest biodiversity close to equator bc

Answer 7

Stable climate/temp
food sources=plentiful
Increased competition

Question 8

Specialist

Answer 8

Narrow niche, specific needs,don’t adapt easy, competition, population down, variation up

Question 9

Generalist

Answer 9

Broad niche
easily adapt
less variation
more population

Question 10

Order of Classification of Species

Answer 10

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 10

Niche

Answer 10

An organisms role in it’s habitat
What it eats,where it lives, etc

Question 11

Keystone Species

Answer 11

Essential for environment

Question 12

Adaptation

Answer 12

Physical/behavioural feature that helps an organism survive
Physical = structural ex. beak
Behavioural = way they act ex.migration

Question 13

Intraspecific Variation

Answer 13

Differences in the same species

Question 14

Interspecific variation

Answer 14

Differences with different species

Question 15

Speciation

Answer 15

A group within a species separates from members and develop their own unique charcteristics

Question 16

Parasitism
Commensalism
Mutualism

Answer 16

+/-
+/not harmed or benefiting
+/+

Question 17

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 17

One parent
offspring is a duplicate
same genetic material
PROS: Fast,individual,successful offspring
CONS: Limited diversity

Question 18

Binary Fission (Asexual)

Answer 18

Used by bacteria
duplicates genetic info + content
cell divides into 2 copies

Question 19

Spores ( Asexual)

Answer 19

Used by mold,fungi,bacteria
Promotes reproduction
Spread/carried by animals,wind and water

Question 20

Budding (Asexual)

Answer 20

Doubles genetic info
daughter cell breaks off from parent and grows
Used by yeast and mold

Question 21

Vegetative ( Asexual)

Answer 21

New plant grows from another plant due to meristem cells (roots/stems)
Ex. cutting,bulbs,runners,tubers

Question 22

Process of Sexual Reproduction

Answer 22

Gametes Released
Fertilization
Bygote (100% DNA)
Mitosis ( cells divide)
Blastocyst ( ball of cells each with 100% DNA)
Cells ( start to specialize)
Embryo

Question 23

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 23

2 parents
more variation
Off spring has 50% DNA from each parent
PROS: HIgh variation
CONS: Partners, High Energy

Question 24

Bacterial Conjugation (Sexual)

Answer 24

No offspring but exchanges DNA

Question 25

Zygospores (Sexual)

Answer 25

Hyphae meet and donate DNA to make genetically different offspring ex.mold,fungi

Question 26

Angiosperms

Answer 26

Plant reproduction flowering plants covered seeds

Question 27

Gymnospores

Answer 27

Plant reproduction Naked cone-bearing plants

Question 28

EXternal reproduction

Answer 28

Animals both gametes sent into external environment Large number of gametes needed Ex.frogs

Question 29

Internal reproduction

Answer 29

Fertilization occurs in female Higher rate of fertilization = less gametes needed

Question 30

Inherited Traits

Answer 30

Present since birth/ passed on ex.height

Question 31

Acquired Traits

Answer 31

Developed during life ex.scars

Question 32

Continuous variation

Answer 32

NO distinct category Controlled by many genes Influenced by environment quantitative EX. Height

Question 33

Discrete variation

Answer 33

Distinct category Qualitative Controlled by few genes Ex. Eye colour

Question 34

Dominant Trait

Answer 34

Stronger allele shows

Question 35

Recessive Trait

Answer 35

weaker only appears through 2 recessive alleles

Question 36

Cell

Answer 36

Smallest unit of life