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Science > Science Air Pressure 5.2 And 5.3 > Flashcards

Science Air Pressure 5.2 And 5.3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is air pressure?

A

The force caused by air pushing down on an object; air pressure is exerted in all directions.

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2
Q

What is density?

A

How close molecules are to each other, the mass per unit volume of a substance.

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3
Q

What is a barometer?

A

An instrument used to measure air pressure.

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4
Q

What is an aneroid barometer.

A

A type of barometer that does not contain liquid.

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5
Q

What is a millibar?

A

Unit of air pressure shown on weather maps

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6
Q

What is a high-pressure system?

A

Cooler denser, sinking, air that usually produces clear skies and fair weather.

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7
Q

What causes air pressure? Explain.

A

Warmer, less dense rising

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8
Q

How does a barometer measure air pressure?

A

A glass tube closed at one end is filled with mercury.

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9
Q

How is a barometer used to predict the weather?

A

A barometer can measure air pressure and then air pressure has high or low pressure systems.

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10
Q

What are is the difference of cold air vs warm air?

A

Cold air is more dense and it falls down and hot air is less dense and it rises.

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11
Q

What are isobars?

A

The air pressure lines on weather maps.

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12
Q

Explain how air pressure can help Boeing 747 fly?

A

When a plane goes lower, there is more air pressure. If they go higher, there is less air pressure.

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13
Q

What happens when you place a barometer in sunlight?

A

If a mercury barometer is in sunlight it might have a change in the mercury.

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14
Q

What is altitude?

A

How high something goes.

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15
Q

What is the source of energy that sets Earth’s atmosphere in motion and causes weather changes.

A

The sun.

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16
Q

The weight of air is indicated by what in a mercury barometer?

A

The height of the mercury column in the glass tube.

17
Q

What does a rising barometer usually indicate? What kind of pressure system and what kind of weather.

A

An approaching high pressure system and fair weather.

18
Q

How do winds form?

A

Warm air rises and then cool air replaces the hot air making a breeze.

19
Q

What is wind?l

A

The horizontal movement of air over earth’s surface

20
Q

What is sea breeze?

A

A cool wind that blows onshore in daytime.

21
Q

What is land breeze?

A

A warm breeze that blows offshore at night .

22
Q

What is prevailing westerlies?

A

A wind belt in the lower atmosphere where winds blow from from the southwest, generally between 30-60 degrees latitude.

23
Q

What is wind chill index?

A

The temperature we receive due to the effects of wind.

24
Q

What is the difference between land and sea breezes?

A

Land breezes are on land and they are much hotter. Sea breezes are on the sea and they are much colder.

25
Q

Describe the global wind pattern.

A

If you are at the bottom part of the earth, you will get low pressure. If you are at the top of the earth you will get high pressure.

26
Q

How are surface winds formed?

A

Surface winds are formed because of hot air rising and then cool air replacing it.

27
Q

Where would warm air mostly exist?

A

It would exist mostly above us.

28
Q

In the USA, what kind of wind belt are we on?

A

We are on the westerly wind belt.

29
Q

What direction does cool air come from?

A

Cool air comes from the ground replacing hot air.

30
Q

What is the Beaufort scale of wind force?

A

A Beaufort scale measures the wind speed.

31
Q

Who designed the Beaufort scale?

A

Sir Francis Beaufort

32
Q

When was the Beaufort scale designed?

A

In the year 1805

33
Q

Give an example of categories in the Beaufort scale.

A

Blue Norther
Chinook
Foehn
Monsoon
Mistral

34
Q

Give me an example of high wind speeds.

A

Strong breeze=25-35 mph

35
Q

Differences in air pressure on earth’s surface are produced by

A

Altitude

36
Q

Which global winds affect the weather in New York City?

A

Prevailing easterlies

37
Q

Winds blow from. What pressure area to what pressure area.

A

High pressure areas to low pressure areas.

38
Q

A sea breeze is most likely to form on what kind of day?

A

Warm cloudless summer day.

39
Q

Weather systems move across the United States from which direction to the other.

A

West to east.

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