Science Assessment Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is the structure of the earth?
Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
What is the lithosphere
The lithosphere contains the crust and the upper part of the mantle
Is the oceanic crust thicker or is the continental crust thicker?
The continental crust is thicker
What are two types of crust?
Oceanic and Continental Crust
How many tectonic plates lie on the continental crust?
7 major and 8 minor tectonic plates
Where and what is the mantle?
The mantle is located between the crust and the core. It is a region of slow, hot-moving solid rock, and it is the thickest layer of the Earth.
What does the outer core consist of?
The outer core consists mainly of liquid iron and nickel, which is responsible for the Earth’s magnetic field.
What does the inner core consist of?
The inner core consists mainly of solid iron and nickel, kept solid despite extreme heat due to the immense pressure at the centre of the Earth.
What does the Earth’s crust consist of?
The Earth’s crust consists of solid rocks, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic, and is rich in elements like oxygen, silicon, aluminum, and iron.
What does the Mantle consist of?
The mantle consists mostly of solid silicate rocks rich in magnesium and iron.
Is the mantle liquid or solid?
Solid rock
Why are there convection currents in the mantle?
Convection currents form in the mantle because of heat from the Earth’s core and cooler temperatures near the crust.
What layer do tectonic plates float on?
Asthenosphere
What are the differences between oceanic crust and continental crust?
Oceanic crust is thinner, denser, and made of basalt, while continental crust is thicker, less dense, and made of granite.
Explain how scientists know about the structure of the Earth’s interior, even though we cannot dig deep enough to see it.
Scientists know about the structure of the Earth’s interior mainly through the study of seismic waves produced by earthquakes. These waves travel through the Earth and behave differently depending on the type of material they move through.
How are tectonic plates formed?
Describe the effect of physical weathering on rock formations.
Describe the effect of chemical weathering on rock formations.
What is chemical weathering?
What is physical weathering?
What are the 3 types of physical weathering?
What are the 3 types of chemical weathering?
Write either chemical or physical weathering for the following:
a) Weathering of limestone and marble buildings
b) Steel reinforcement going rusty
c) Rusty steel pushing the surrounding material away
What is weathering?
