Science (Biology) Flashcards
(141 cards)
1
Q
Reproduces through fission
A
Bacteria
2
Q
Reproduces through budding
A
Corals
3
Q
Reproduces through regeneration
A
starfish
4
Q
Reproduces through runners
A
Bamboo
5
Q
Reproduces through fragmentation
A
flatworms
6
Q
possesses both male and female repro organs ex. earthworms
A
Hermaphrodite
7
Q
intertwining connections
A
Food web
8
Q
Series or one straight line
A
Food chain
9
Q
Treeless region
A
Tundra
10
Q
grassland with tall grasses
A
Prairies
11
Q
short grasses
A
Steppe
12
Q
grassland and scattered trees
A
Savanna
13
Q
variety of life on earth / from genes to ecosystem
A
Biodiversity
14
Q
large areas characterized by their vegetation, climate, and wildlife
A
Biomes
15
Q
freshwater and marine
A
Aquatic biomes
16
Q
open regions dominated by grass, warm and dry climate
A
Grasslands
17
Q
dominated by trees , cover about one-third of the earth
A
Forests
18
Q
dry areas where rainfall is less than 50 centimeters per year
A
Desert
19
Q
largest tropical rainforest in the world
A
Amazon
20
Q
largest desert on Earth
A
Antarctica
21
Q
largest hot desert in the world
A
Sahara
22
Q
Other term for “forest”
A
Diterocarp
23
Q
trees and shrubs that thrive in coastal areas
A
Mangroves
24
Q
begins on a barren, lifeless environment where no soil or previous life exists
A
Primary Succession
25
begins in areas where an existing ecosystem has been disturbed, but soil and some remnant life forms still exist
Secondary Succession
26
low rainfall
Arid regions
27
moderate rainfall
Semi-arid regions
28
changes in behavior
Behavioral adaptation
29
physical separation
Geographical isolation
30
physical change
Structural adaptation
31
maintain stable internal environment despite external changes
Homeostasis
32
winter sleep / reducing metabolic activity to lower body temperature to survive cold season ex. frogs
Hibernation
33
summer sleep / ex. crocodiles
Aestivation
34
internal adjustments and changes ex. Develop poison
Physiological adaptation
35
share common ancestor; Same structure, different function
Ex. Human arm, cat leg, whale flipper, and bat wing
Homologous structure
36
Do not share a common ancestor; Same function, different structure
Ex. Bird wing and insect wing
Analogous Structure
37
microorganism like fungi / decomposer
Saprophytes
38
Other terms for "plants" and "animals"
Flora and Fauna
39
role of organism within its ecosystem
Niche
40
lowest form of learning from animals
Conditioning
41
producer / produce their own food
Autotrophs
42
consumers / eat other organisms
Heterotrophs
43
bacteria good for the body
Probiotic
44
lack a nucleus ex. bacteria
Prokaryotic
45
possess a nucleus ex. plants, animals, fungi, and protists
Eukaryotic
46
neither plants nor animals or fungi
Protists
47
universal solvent /most abundant inorganic compound on Earth
Water
48
living organisms ex. animals, plants
Biotic
49
non-flowering / unenclosed or naked seeds
Gymnosperms
50
flowering / seed closed with ovary
Angiosperms
51
female reproductive part producing seeds and ovules
Pistil
52
male repro part producing pollen
Stamen
53
has sepals, petals, stamen, and pistil
Complete flower
54
calyx
Sepals
55
Corolla
Petal
56
1 cotyledon ex. Wheat, sugarcane, bamboo, banana, onions
Monocot
57
2 cotyledon ex. Apple, mango, peanut, orange, cashew, beans, roses, casava
Dicot
58
part of the embryo within the seed of a plant
Cotyledon
59
breathing organs / tiny pores on leaves
Stomata
60
pores on stems
Lenticels
61
gives plants green color/captures or absorbs light
Chlorophyll
62
site of photosynthesis
Chloroplast
63
site of cellular respiration / power house of the cell
Mitochondria
64
use in perfumes
Ester
65
responsible for ripening of fruits
Ethylene
66
products of photosynthesis
Glucose (primary) and oxygen (byproduct)
67
waste product of citric acid cycle
CO2 and ATP
68
product of cellular respiration
ATP (primary) and water and CO2 (byproduct)
69
What is the "Cell Theory"
all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and all cells come from pre-existing cells
70
basic unit of structure and function in living things
cell
71
thin structure that surrounds a cell
Cell membrane
72
protects the plant cell
Cell wall
73
control center
Nucleus
74
all the living material inside a cell
Cytoplasm
75
skeleton of a cell / helps cells maintain their shape and internal organization / Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtubules
Cytoskeleton
76
most abundant mineral in protoplasm
Water
77
help sequester waste products / stores water
Vacuole
78
break down nutrient molecules /garbage disposal/digestive system
Lysosomes
79
protein synthesis
Ribosomes
80
hair like
Cilia
81
flap like
Epiglottis
82
finger like
Villi
83
whip like
Flagella
84
food pipe / nearest organ to the heart
Esophagus
85
voice box
Larynx
86
main organ for respiration
Lungs
87
where gas exchange occurs
Alveoli
88
islet of langerhans
Pancreatic Cells
89
secretes bile
Liver
90
secretes insulin
Pancreas
91
useless organs
Vestigial organ
92
contains carbon
Organic compound
93
do not contain carbon
Inorganic compound
94
most abundant organic polymer on Earth
Cellulose
95
X chromosomes and Y chromosomes
Sperm cells
96
extra chromosomes / down syndrome
Trisomy 21 (T21)
97
decay of microorganism under heat and pressure
Pasteurization/osmosis
98
provides support or strength to skin, muscles, bones and connective tissues
Collagen
99
most abundant mineral in the body
Calcium
100
inherited through X chromosomes (mother)
Hemophilia
101
electroencephalogram /measures the electrical activity of the brain
EEG
102
components of fungal cell wall
Glucans, chitin (structura), glycoproteins
103
always bond together /stabilize DNA
Adenine and Thymine
104
pair together in DNA and RNA
Guanine and Cytosine
105
plant growth
Cytokinins and Auxins
106
preferred source of direct energy of cells
Carbohydrates
107
water overly enriched with nutrients leading to algal bloom causes sea harvest to diminish
Eutrophication
108
cause of malaria
Plasmodium vivax
109
segmented worms
Leeched (annelids)
110
monkey eating eagle
Pithecophaga jefferyi
111
feeds on dead and decaying matters
Yeast (fungi)
112
scent of perfume spreading throughout a room
Diffusion
113
water absorption by plants roots
Osmosis
114
two parents / meiosis
Sexual repro
115
one parent / mitosis
Asexual repro
116
for growth and repair / 2 identical cells
Mitosis
117
for reproduction / 4 unique cells
Meiosis
118
one set of chromosomes 23 (egg and sperm)(meiosis)
Haploid
119
two set of chromosomes 46 (most cells in the human body)(mitosis)
Diploid
120
a clade of flowering plants
Magnoliidae
121
parent cell splits (bacteria; amoeba)
Binary Fission
122
outgrow; new organism grows from a small bud (yeast; hydra; corals)
Budding
123
Body breaks into parts (starfish; planaria)
Fragmentation
124
Lost body parts regrow into new organisms (lizard tails)
Regeneration
125
Organism produces spores that grow into new individuals (fungi; mosses; ferns)
Sporulation
126
An egg develops into an organism without fertilization (bees; reptiles; fish)
Parthenogenesis
127
horizontal stems (above ground)
Runners
128
underground stems
Rhizomes
129
Swollen underground stems storing food (potato)
Tubers
130
Short stem with fleshy leaves (onion; garlic)
Bulbs
131
Two plants joined: one provides roots, the other the shoot
Grafting
132
mango and avocado tree
Competition
133
clownfish and anemones
Mutualism
134
lion and deer
Predation
135
carabao and grass
Grazing
136
mango tree and orchid plant
Commensalism
137
Plants release ______ and take in ______ during the day
Oxygen; CO2
138
At night, plants release _____ and take in ______
CO2; oxygen
139
carry blood away from the heart
Arteries
140
carry blood back to the heart
Veins
141
facilitate the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between blood and tissues
Capillaries
