science cell cycle exam review

Question 1

what is the stage of interphase? (G1, synthesis, G2)

Answer 1

• The parent cell
• cellular respiration
  G1: takes in nutrients to build protiens
  Synthesis: DNA duplicates in preparation for cell division (sister chromatids joined by centromere)
  G2: cell growth

Question 2

what is the stage of prophase?

Answer 2

• first stage of mitosis
• DNA condenses and becomes chromosomes (shorten and thicken)
• nuclear membrane and the nucleus disappears
• centrioles move to opposite sides of cell

Question 3

what is the stage of metaphase?

Answer 3

• second stage of mitosis
• chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell (equatorial plate)
• spindle fibers form and attach to the centromere to pull chromosomes into middle of cell

Question 4

what is the stage of anaphase?

Answer 4

• third stage of mitosis
• centromere splits and sister chromatids seperate into daughter chromasomes
• spindle fibers pull daughter chromasomes to opposite ends of the cell

Question 5

what is the stage of telephase?

Answer 5

• final stage of mitosis
• chromosomes reach opposite ends of the cell
• new nucleur membrane re-forms around each group of daughter chromosomes and nucleolus re-appears
• cleavage furrow forms

Question 6

what is cytokinesis?

Answer 6

• final stage of cell division
• cytoplasm divides
  Animal cell: the cell membrane is pinched off in the middle at the cleavage furrow
  Plant cell: cell plate develops into cell wall