Science Ch.23.3

Question 1

Absorption

Answer 1

The process of taking nutrients from the digestive system into the blood so they can be used in the body.

Question 2

Bile

Answer 2

A fluid produced by the liver. It is secreted into the duodenum

Question 3

Body Mass Index (BMI)

Answer 3

Is an estimate of the fat content of the body

Question 4

Chemical Digestion

Answer 4

Chemical breakdown of large, complex food molecules into smaller, simpler nutrient molecules that can be absorbed by the blood.

Question 5

Digestion

Answer 5

Is the process of breaking down food into components the body can absorb

Question 6

Digestive system

Answer 6

Consists of organs that break down food and absorb nutrients such as glucose.

Question 7

Eating Disorder

Answer 7

Is a mental illness in which people feel compelled to eat in a way that causes physical, mental and emotional health problems

Question 8

Elimination

Answer 8

The process in which waste passes out of the body through the anus

Question 9

Esophagus

Answer 9

A long narrow tube that passes food from the pharynx to the stomach by peristalsis.

Question 10

Feces

Answer 10

Remaining solid wastes

Question 11

Gall bladder

Answer 11

A sac-like organ that stores and concentrated bile and then secretes it into the small intestine.It helps break down fatty foods.

Question 12

Gastrointestinal (G) tract

Answer 12

Is a long tube that connects the mouth with the anus

Question 13

Large Intestine

Answer 13

Is a relatively wide tube that connects the small intestine with the anus.

Question 14

Liver

Answer 14

Is an organ of both digestion and excretion. Filters all of the blood in the body and breaks down poisonous substances, such as alcohol and drugs.

Question 15

Macronutrient

Answer 15

Nutrients that the body needs in relatively large amounts.

Question 16

Mechanical Digestion

Answer 16

The physical breakdown of chunks of food into smaller pieces. Takes place in the mouth and stomach.

Question 17

Micronutrient

Answer 17

Nutrients the body needs in relatively small amounts.

Question 18

Mineral

Answer 18

Are chemical elements that are essential for the body processes

Question 19

MyPlate

Answer 19

Depicts the relative daily portions of various food groups.

Question 20

MyPyramid

Answer 20

Shows the relative amounts of foods in different food groups you should eat each day.

Question 21

Nutrient

Answer 21

Substances the body needs for energy, building materials, and control of body processes.

Question 22

Obesity

Answer 22

Occurs when the body mass index is 30.0 kg/m squared or greater.

Question 23

Peristalsis

Answer 23

Is in involuntary muscle contraction that moves rapidly along an organ like a wave which helps more move food through the digestive tract.

Question 24

Small Intestine

Answer 24

Is a narrow tube about 7 meters (23 feet) long in adults. It is the site of most chemical digestion and virtually all absorption.

Question 25

Stomach

Answer 25

Is a sac-like organ in which food is further digested both mechanically and chemically.

Question 26

Villi

Answer 26

Fingerlike projections that greatly increase the absorption. They contain many capillaries, and nutrients pass from them into the bloodstream thought the capillaries.

Question 27

Vitamin

Answer 27

Are organic compounds that are needed by the body to function properly.