Science chapter 1 Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is a crop?
Plants of the same kind grown and cultivated at one place on a large scale.
What are the two broad classifications of crops in India based on the season?
- Kharif crops
- Rabi crops
When are Kharif crops grown?
During the rainy season, from June to September.
Give two examples of Kharif crops.
- Paddy
- Maize
When are Rabi crops grown?
In the winter season, from October to March.
Give two examples of Rabi crops.
- Wheat
- Gram
What is the first step in the process of crop production?
Preparation of soil.
What tools are commonly used for loosening soil?
- Ploughs
- Hoes
- Cultivators
What is the purpose of loosening the soil?
Improves air circulation, helps roots grow deeply, and facilitates nutrient and water absorption.
What is sowing?
The process of putting seeds into the soil.
What is important to ensure a good yield during sowing?
Using good quality, healthy, and clean seeds.
How can seeds be sown?
- Manually
- With a seed drill
What is added to the soil after sowing to enrich it with nutrients?
- Manure
- Fertilizers
What is manure?
An organic substance obtained from the decomposition of plant and animal wastes.
What do fertilizers provide to plants?
Essential nutrients.
What are the main nutrients found in fertilizers?
- Nitrogen
- Phosphorus
- Potassium
What practices are recommended to maintain soil fertility?
- Crop rotation
- Mixed cropping
What is the importance of irrigation in crop production?
Crops require water at different stages of their growth.
What are some traditional methods of irrigation?
- Moat
- Chain pumps
What are modern methods of irrigation that help conserve water?
- Sprinkler irrigation
- Drip irrigation
What is weeding?
The removal of unwanted plants that compete for nutrients and water.
What tool is commonly used for weeding?
Khurpi.
What are chemical weedicides?
Substances like 2,4-D used to control weeds.
What happens when crops mature?
They are ready for harvesting.
