Science Chapter 1 Scientists

Question 1

Plum pudding model

Answer 1

Scientist: J.J Thompson
Experiment: Used gas discharge tubes to prove that atoms have negative particles.
Theory: Negative electrons embedded in a positive sphere.

Question 2

Nuclear/solar system
model

Answer 2

Scientist: Ernest Rutherford
Experiment: Gold foil experiment. Fired alpha particles at a gold sheet. Some deflected.
Theory: Positive charge at the center of the nucleus. Electrons orbit the nucleus. Empty space.

Question 3

Bohr model

Answer 3

Scientist: Neil Bohr
Experiment: Tested release of light energy from electrons. Did not work.
Theory: Energy levels. Electrons move to higher levels+absorb negative. Releases negative when returns back down.

Question 4

Electron cloud model

Answer 4

Scientist: Schrodinger
Experiment: Use of mathematical equations.
Theory: Can’t define electron’s exact location. Electrons have distinct negative levels

Question 5

Solid sphere/Billiard
ball model

Answer 5

Scientist: John Dalton
Experiment: Used previous knowledge to develop his theory.
Theory: Atoms of the same element are identical. Atoms cannot be created, destroyed, or divided into smaller particles. Compounds are formed when atoms of different elements combined in fixed properties. Atoms are invisible.