Science Chapter 11 - Chemical Changes

Question 1

What forms an ionic compound?

Answer 1

1 Metal and 1 Non-Metal element, forming a cation and anion respectively

Question 2

Chemical formula of a simple ionic compound?

Answer 2

Symbol Symbol
E.g. Al2O3 (The numbers are supposed at the bottom)

Question 3

Chemical Symbol?

Answer 3

Letters that an element in the periodic table is represented by.
E.g. Hydrogen = H

Question 4

Chemical Charge?

Answer 4

+ / -
(Positively charged / Negatively charged)

Question 5

Ammonium -> ?

Answer 5

NH4+ (4 is at the bottom while + is at the top)

Question 6

What is an ion?

Answer 6

An ion is the stable form of an atom of element, achieved when the valence shell of said atom is filled completely through the gain or loss of electrons.

Question 7

Can an ion exist by itself?

Answer 7

An ion cannot typically exist by itself. Instead, an Ion is a part of a compound substance.

Question 8

What are molecular compounds?

Answer 8

They are compounds that consist only of non-metal elements/ anions (The staircase line)

Question 9

What are ionic compounds?

Answer 9

They are compounds that consist typically of both Non-metal and Metal elements (Cation and Anion respectively)

Question 10

What are the diatomic molecules (Diatomic elements that cannot exist by themselves without being in a pair)?

Answer 10

7 diatomic elements
Hydrogen(H) [1]
Nitrogen(N) [7]
Oxygen(O) [8]
Fluorine(F) [9]
Chlorine(Cl) [17]
Bromine(Br) [35]
Iodine(I) [53]
6 of these diatomic elements are found in a “7” sort of shape in Group SEVENteen/ Group (VII),
Hydrogen is a singular isolated dot on the periodic table

Question 11

What are the prefixes of the standardly named compounds

Answer 11

Mono - 1
Di - 2
Tri - 3
Tetra - 4

Question 12

What are the 3 specially named compounds

Answer 12

Water -> H2O
Ammonia -> NH3
Methane -> CH4
(The numbers are all at the bottom)

Question 13

What are the names and chemical formula of the 4 types of acids?

Answer 13

Hydrochloric acid -> HCl
Sulfuric Acid -> H2SO4
Ethanoic Acid -> CH3COOH
Nitric acid -> HNO3

Question 14

What are the 3 types of acid reactions?

Answer 14

Acid + Metal -> Salt + Hydrogen
Acid + Carbonate -> Salt + Carbon dioxide + Water
Acid + Alkali (Base) -> Salt + Water (Neutralization)

Question 15

What are the naming conventions for the salts made from acid reactions?

Answer 15

Hydrochloric Acid -> (…) Chloride
Nitric Acid -> (…) Nitrate
Sulfuric Acid -> (…) Sulfate
Ethanoic Acid -> (…) Ethanoate

Question 16

What is the type of acid reaction of the example given below?
Hydrochloric Acid + Sodium Hydroxide -> Sodium Chloride + Water

Answer 16

Acid + Alkali/Base -> Salt + Water

Question 17

What are transition metals?

Answer 17

Transition metals is the group of metals that do not fall under Group 1, 2, 13 - 18 ((the long rectangle in the center).

Question 18

Are the transition metals charges positive or negative?

Answer 18

Because Transition metals are all in the d-block (Group 3 to 12), hence all their ionic charges have to be positive.

Question 19

What are the specially cased transition metals and what are their charges?

Answer 19

Zinc(Zn) -> 2+ charge
Silver(Ag) -> + charge
Iron(Fe) -> 2+ / 3+ charge
Copper(Cu) -> + / 2+ charge
(The charges are supposed to be at the top)