science, culture, and ethics in it

Question 1

fundamentally is the systematic
study of the structure and behavior of the natural and physical world through observations and experiments.

Answer 1

Science

Question 2

Different facet of Science

Answer 2

Science is both a body of knowledge and a process
Science is exciting
Science is useful
Science is ongoing
Science is a global human endeavor

Question 3

which is basically derived from the Greek word ‘technology

Answer 3

Technology

Question 4

is an art, skill, or ability, which is used to create and develop products and acquire knowledge.

Answer 4

Technology

Question 5

used their knowledge to develop technology and then used technology to develop Science; so, because of this reason science and
technology are an integrated term in today’s world.

Answer 5

Scientists

Question 6

contribution of science in technology

Answer 6

*science as a direct source of new technological ideas
*science as a source of engineering

Question 7

contribution of technology to science

Answer 7

*technology as a source of scientific challenges
* instrumentation and measurement techniques

Question 8

t can be defined in the simplest
the term as – ‘know-how’.

Answer 8

Technical Knowledge

Question 9

t includes range of basic skills
such as advancement in agriculture, development of chemical industries, medical technology, software engineering, etc.

Answer 9

Technical Knowledge

Question 10

means, knowledge and understanding of the intelligence of
workers, quality of products, the value of a firm, the effectiveness of the market, etc.

Answer 10

Understanding of the attributes or elements -

Question 11

n umbrella term which
encompasses the social behavior and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups.

Answer 11

Culture

Question 12

Definition from different sociologists: “Culture is the complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, customs and habits, and any capabilities acquired by man as a member of society”

Answer 12

Taylor

Question 13

Definition from different sociologists:
“Culture is social heredity, which is transmitted from one generation to
another with the accumulation of individual experiences”

Answer 13

Linton

Question 14

Definition from different sociologists:
“Culture is the way of life which is transmitted from generation to
generation

Answer 14

John Beattee

Question 15

what are the 8 elements of culture?

Answer 15

language
religion
daily life
economy
government
arts
history
social groups

Question 16

a set of beliefs about right and wrong behavior within a society.

Answer 16

Ethics

Question 17

refers to social conventions about right and wrong that are so widely shared that they become the basis for an established
consensus.

Answer 17

morality

Question 18

s a habit that inclines people to do what is acceptable, and a vice is a habit of unacceptable behavior.

Answer 18

virtue

Question 19

A person who acts with_________acts in accordance with a personal code of principles. One approach to acting with integrity—one of the cornerstones of ethical behavior—is to extend to all people the same respect and consideration that you expect to receive from others.

Answer 19

integrity

Question 20

are one’s personal beliefs about right and wrong

Answer 20

Morals

Question 21

describes standards or codes of behavior expected of an individual by a group (nation, organization, profession) to which an individual belongs

Answer 21

ethics

Question 22

a system of rules that tells us what we can and cannot do

Answer 22

Law

Question 23

it is enforced by a set of institutions (the police, courts, law-making bodies). Legal acts are acts that conform to the law.

Answer 23

Law

Question 24

calling that requires specialized knowledge and often long and intensive academic preparation

Answer 24

profession

Question 25

states the principles and core values that are essential to the work of a particular occupational group. Practitioners in many professions subscribe to a code of ethics that governs their behavior.

Answer 25

professional code of ethics

Question 26

n indicates that a professional possesses a particular set of skills, knowledge, or abilities, in the opinion of the certifying organization.

Answer 26

Certification

Question 27

Many IT vendors—such as Cisco, IBM, Microsoft, SAP, and Oracle—offer certification programs for those who use their products. Workers who successfully complete a program can represent themselves as certified users of a manufacturer’s product.

Answer 27

Vendor Certifications

Question 28

Their value varies greatly depending on where people are in their career path, what other certifications they possess, and the nature of the IT job market.

Answer 28

Industry Association Certifications

Question 29

IT Professional Malpractice: has been defined as not doing something that a reasonable person would do or doing something that a reasonable person would not do.

Answer 29

Negligence

Question 30

IT Professional Malpractice: refers to the obligation to protect people against any unreasonable harm or risk.

Answer 30

Duty of care

Question 31

IT Professional Malpractice: The courts decide whether parties owe a duty of care by applying a___________to evaluate how an objective, careful, and conscientious person would have acted in the same circumstances.

Answer 31

reasonable person standard

Question 32

IT Professional Malpractice: is the failure to act as a reasonable person would act

Answer 32

breach of the duty of care

Question 33

IT Professional Malpractice: Professionals who breach the duty of care are liable for injuries that their negligence causes. This liability is commonly referred to as

Answer 33

professional malpractice.

Question 34

Common Ethical Issues for IT Users: y in a corporate setting can sometimes be directly traceable to IT professionals—they might allow it to happen, or they might actively engage in it.

Answer 34

Software Piracy

Question 35

Common Ethical Issues for IT Users: Inappropriate Use of Computing Resources

Answer 35

Inappropriate Use of Computing Resources

Question 36

Common Ethical Issues for IT Users: Every organization stores vast amounts of information that can be classified as either private or confidential.

Answer 36

Inappropriate Sharing of Information

Question 37

Supporting Ethical Practices of IT Users

Answer 37

*Establishing Guidelines for Use of Company Software *Defining and Limiting the Appropriate Use of IT Resources *Structuring Information Systems to Protect Data and Information *Installing and Maintaining a Corporate Firewall