Science ecology quiz lesson 1-4

Question 1

Why is cycling of matter important?

Answer 1

Because there are only limited amounts of resources available on Earth , matter must be recycled to ensure sustainability.

Question 2

What are the 4 spheres where matter is cycled

Answer 2

Lithosphere (The hard part of Earth’s surface), hydrosphere (all the water found in earth), atmosphere (The layer of gases above Earth’s surface) and the biosphere (The regions of Earth where living organisms exist)

Question 3

What is the order of the water cycle?

Answer 3

evaporation, transpiration, condesation, precipatation, runoff, percolation

Question 4

What is the order of the carbon cycle?

Answer 4

Photosynthesis, eaten, cellular respiration, Waste/death, decomposition with oxygen, Decomposition without Oxygen, Extraction and burning fossil fuel

Question 5

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 5

Converts carbon dioxide into sugar

Question 6

Cellular Respiration

Answer 6

Converts sugar into carbon dioxide

Question 7

Decomposition

Answer 7

break down components of dead organisms and waste

Question 8

Extraction

Answer 8

Mining for fossil fuels

Question 9

What is the combination of elements for photosynthesis?

Answer 9

Carbon dioxide + water → sugar + oxygen

Question 10

Why is photosynthesis and cellular respiration called complementary processes?

Answer 10

Because they are the opposite processes of each other in the cycle

Question 11

What 2 human activities have impacts on the carbon cycle?

Answer 11

Burning fossil fuels

Deforestation (reducing forest area)

Question 12

What effect do human activities have on the carbon cycle?

Answer 12

Increase carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

Question 13

What is the order of the processes in the nitrogen cycle

Answer 13

1.Eaten

2.Waste/Death

3.Decomposition

4a.Nitrification

4b.Nitrifying Bacteria

5.Absorb

6.Denitrification

6a.Denitrifying bacteria

7a.Nitrogen Fixation

7b.Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria (Cyanobacteria)

8.Run off from factory and fertilizer

Question 14

What is Nitrogen fixation

Answer 14

The process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonium ion

Question 15

Nitrogen fixing bacteria

Answer 15

Organsims that convert nitrogen gas in the atmosphere into ammonium ions

Question 16

Nitrification

Answer 16

The provess of converting ammonium ions into nitrites then nitrates

Question 17

Nitrifying Bacteria

Answer 17

Organsims that convert ammonium ions into nitrites then nitrates

Question 18

Denitrification

Answer 18

The process of converting nitrates back into nitrogen gas

Question 19

Denitrifying Bacteria

Answer 19

Organisms that convert nitrates back into nitrogen gas

Question 20

Decomposition in nitrogen cycle

Answer 20

The process of converting the nitrogen from organic compounds (dead animals, waste) into ammonium

Question 21

What problems does human activity lead to in the carbon cycle?

Answer 21

Eutrophication can lead to a dramatic increase in algae population.

When algae die, decomposition occurs and all oxygen is used up.

Organisms such as fish die because of the lack of oxygen.

Question 21

What changes does human activity introduce to the nitrogen cycle?

Answer 21

Added extra nitrate (in fertilizers)

Question 22

What effect(s) will human activity have on the nitrogen cycle?

Answer 22

Eutrophication

(Extra nutrients leads to increase in the number of producers)

Question 23

Sustainable Ecosystems

Answer 23

A set of ecosystem conditions (e.g. resources, environment, biodiversity) in which balance is maintained over time

Question 24

Ecosystem

Answer 24

A system formed by the interaction of a group of organisms (biotic factors) with their environment (abiotic factors)

Question 25

Biotic

Answer 25

Living

Question 26

Abiotic

Answer 26

Non living

Question 27

Species

Answer 27

A group of similar organisms in an ecosystem that can reproduce with each other, and their offspring can reproduce

Question 27

Organism

Answer 27

An individual form of life (the smallest unit of an ecosystem)

Question 28

Population

Answer 28

Members of the same species that live in the same ecosystem.

Question 28

Community

Answer 28

Population of different species, that live in the same ecosystem

Question 29

Food Web

Answer 29

A pictorial representation of a predator-prey relationships among organisms in an ecosystem

Question 29

Ecosystem

Answer 29

A community (living organisms) interact with its non-living environment.

Question 30

Producer

Answer 30

Organism that makes its own food (use photosynthesis)

Question 31

Consumer

Answer 31

Organism that eats other organisms because it cannot make its own food

Question 32

Primary Consumer

Answer 32

organisms that eat producers

Question 33

Tertiary Consumer

Answer 33

Consumer that eats secondary consumers

Question 33

Secondary Consumer

Answer 33

Consumer that eats primary consumers

Question 34

Decomposers

Answer 34

Breaks down organic matter and waste into its components. (They generally absorb some of the components)

Question 35

Scavengers

Answer 35

Carnivores that eat the remains of dead animals

Question 36

Trophic Level

Answer 36

Describes the level or position of an organism on the food chain

Question 37

trophic level energy splits and flow

Answer 37

Rabbits eat the grass, but need 90% of that energy to do rabbit things- like run from cats, foxes, etc. dig warrens or borrows and have baby rabbits etc. When the snake finally catches the rabbit, 90% of the energy of the grass has been spent- so 10% makes it to the snake. Then the snake does snake things using 90% of that rabbit energy until the hawk catches up to it. So the hawk walks off with 0.01% of the energy of the grass.