Science - Electricity

Question 1

Charge of a Proton

Answer 1

Positive

Question 2

Charge of a Neutron

Answer 2

Neutral

Question 3

Charge of an electron

Answer 3

Negative

Question 4

Function of a motor

Answer 4

Converts electrical energy to kinetic energy

Question 5

Function of a generator

Answer 5

Converts kinetic energy into electrical energy

Question 6

Function of a lightbulb

Answer 6

Converts electrical energy into light

Question 7

Function of a Voltmeter

Answer 7

Measures the potential difference (voltage) across an energy user. Connected in parallel.

Question 8

Function of a Ammeter

Answer 8

Measures the rate of electron flow (Amperes) at a certain point in an electrical circuit. Connected in series.

Question 9

Function of an Ohmmeter

Answer 9

Measures the resistance of a certain component, connected in parallel

Question 10

Meaning of brown wire in household wiring

Answer 10

Carries current to the component (Active)

Question 11

Meaning of blue wire in household wiring

Answer 11

Carries current away from the component (Neutral)

Question 12

Meaning of green and yellow wire in household wiring

Answer 12

Current only flows through this wire when there’s a leakage of current (Earth/Ground)

Question 13

Fuse

Answer 13

Single use device with wires that melt at high temperatures, breaking the circuit. Used to prevent electrical fires.

Question 14

Circuit breaker

Answer 14

Reusable device that reduces the risk of house fires by breaking the circuit when high current is detected.

Question 15

Safety switch

Answer 15

Detects leaking current or an electrical fault and immediately turns off the electricity, reducing the chance of electric shock

Question 16

Current electricity

Answer 16

The flow of electrons in a circuit

Question 17

Static electricity

Answer 17

The build-up of electrons on a surface

Question 18

Current

Answer 18

The flow of electrons in a circuit. Measured in Amperes (A)

Question 19

Voltage

Answer 19

The difference in charge between two points. Measured in Volts (V)

Question 20

Resistance

Answer 20

A material’s opposition to current. Measured in Ohms (Ω)

Question 21

Voltage of standard electrical outlets in Australia

Answer 21

220V - 240V

Question 22

Rules to determine the resistance of a wire

Answer 22

2 x Length = 2 x Resistance

2 x Thickness = 1/2 x Resistance

Question 23

Circuit

Answer 23

A path on which electrons travel and deliver their energy

Question 24

Batteries and power points are examples of ______

Answer 24

Energy Sources

Question 25

A light bulb's brightness is determined by _____

Answer 25

Both Voltage and Current

Question 26

In a parallel circuit, if one energy user breaks or is removed, the circuit _______

Answer 26

Is still functional for the other users

Question 27

In a series circuit, of one energy user breaks or is removed, the circuit _______

Answer 27

Breaks for all users

Question 28

Current in a series circuit

Answer 28

Remains the same at all points

Question 29

Voltage in a series circuit is what?

Answer 29

Is shared among the components

Question 30

Total resistance in a series circuit

Answer 30

Is the sum of all the individual resistances of components in the circuit

Question 31

Series circuit

Answer 31

When there's only one possible path for the electrons to flow through

Question 32

Parallel circuit

Answer 32

When there are multiple paths for electrons to flow

Question 33

Total current in a parallel circuit

Answer 33

Current in a parallel circuit is calculated by adding the currents of the individual branches together

Question 34

Ohms law

Answer 34

``` V=IR I=V/R R=V/I V = Voltage I = Current R = Resistance ```

Question 35

Current of one branch in a parallel circuit

Answer 35

Calculated the same as a series circuit (I=V/R)

Question 36

Voltage in a parallel circuit

Answer 36

All branches get the same, full voltage

Question 37

Total resistance of a parallel circuit

Answer 37

Cannot be determined by just adding up all the individual resistances (We dont need to know this)

Question 38

Advantages of parallel circuits over series circuits

Answer 38

* All branches receive the same voltage * Each branch can be controlled individually * One broken branch still allows for other branches to function

Question 39

An electric current produces a __________

Answer 39

Magnetic field

Question 40

Solenoid

Answer 40

A coil of wire with electricity flowing through it that produces a magnetic field

Question 41

A complete circuit requires _____

Answer 41

A power source and a load (energy user)

Question 42

Magnetic metals

Answer 42

* Cobalt * Iron * Nickel

Question 43

Good conductors of electricity

Answer 43

* Metal | * Water

Question 44

Bad conductors of electricity

Answer 44

• Basically anything but metal and water

Question 45

Turbine

Answer 45

A generator that produces electrical energy by spinning an axle that turns a copper coil between two permanent magnets. This causes electricity to be produced due to electromagnetism.

Question 46

Differences between an electromagnet and a permanent magnet

Answer 46

* Electromagnets can be turned on and off by turning the power source on and off, while a permanent magnet is permanent * Electromagnets can change their strength based on the amount of electric current allowed to flow into them. * Direction of magnetic field can be reversed by flipping direction of current

Question 47

Possible safety considerations of an electrical experiment

Answer 47

* Ensure no water is nearby the experiment as water could be spilt which would short the circuit * Ensure not to use mains electricity as mains electricity is dangerous and could cause electric shock or electrocution

Question 48

DC Electricity

Answer 48

Electricity where the current flows in only one direction

Question 49

AC Electricity

Answer 49

Where electric current regularly (50 times a second in Australia) reverses its direction of flow

Question 50

Transformer

Answer 50

A device that increases or decreases the amount of voltage of Alternating Current

Question 51

Resistor

Answer 51

A device that adds resistance to a circuit

Question 52

First aid to someone who is electrocuted

Answer 52

1. Turn off the power using something insulated (e.g. broom) | 2. DRSABCD