Science Exam

Question 1

Definition of energy

Answer 1

the ability to work, move or change

Question 2

What is energy transfer

Answer 2

moving energy from one place to another, or changing energy form

Question 3

Potential Energy

Answer 3

stored energy waiting to be released (turns into other types of energy, eg. kinetic)

Question 4

types of potential energy

Answer 4

elastic, gravitational, chemical and nuclear

Question 5

Elastic potential energy

Answer 5

using force to deform an elastic object

Question 6

Gravitational potential energy

Answer 6

Energy an object has in relation to position above earth surface, energy due to height

Question 7

chemical potential energy

Answer 7

Energy stored in chemical bonds of a substance

Question 8

Nuclear potential energy

Answer 8

energy stored in nucleus of an atom

Question 9

Define kinetic energy

Answer 9

Energy caused by motion

Question 10

types of kinetic energy

Answer 10

Light, heat, electrical, sound

Question 11

light

Answer 11

kinetic energy that makes like visible

Question 12

heat

Answer 12

kinetic energy that produces heat

Question 13

electrical

Answer 13

caused by moving electrons, making an electrical current

Question 14

sound

Answer 14

kinetic energy causes vibrations and creates sound

Question 15

Energy transformation

Answer 15

changing one form of energy into another

Question 16

law of conservation of energy

Answer 16

energy is neither created nor destroyed but transfered

Question 17

Conduction

Answer 17

Energy transferred via direct contact

Question 18

Radiation

Answer 18

Transferred through radioactive waves

Question 19

Convection

Answer 19

Energy transferred through liquids or gasses

Question 20

Energy efficiency

Answer 20

using less energy to do same task

Question 21

energy efficiency formula

Answer 21

Efficiency = (useful energy output / total energy input) x 100

Question 22

properties of light

Question 23

source of light

Answer 23

Luminous, non luminous, incandescent and bioluminescent

Question 24

Luminous

Answer 24

Emiting light on its own

Question 25

non luminousd

Answer 25

doesnt emit light on its own

Question 26

incandescent

Answer 26

emits light as a result of heat

Question 27

bioliminescent

Answer 27

living organism emits light naturally

Question 28

law of relection

Answer 28

Angle of incidence = angle of reflection

Question 29

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Answer 29

spectrum of radioactive waves

Question 30

concave

Answer 30

bends inwards

Question 31

Convex

Answer 31

bends outwards

Question 32

what happens when light meets a substance

Answer 32

it transmission, absorption, reflection

Question 33

transmission

Answer 33

Passes through a substance

Question 34

Absorption

Answer 34

light gets absorbed into a substance

Question 35

Reflection

Answer 35

the light bounces off the substance

Question 36

Cornea

Answer 36

Protects and helps focus light

Question 37

pupil

Answer 37

allows light into your eye

Question 38

Retina

Answer 38

captures the light and gathers image

Question 39

iris

Answer 39

regulates how much light enters the eye

Question 40

optic nerve

Answer 40

nerve that sends light image into your brain

Question 41

lens

Answer 41

focus light on retina

Question 42

Myopia

Answer 42

Short-sightness

Question 43

hyperopia

Answer 43

long-sightness

Question 44

how does sounds travel

Answer 44

travels in waves through mediums

Question 45

how is sound measured

Answer 45

decibels (db)

Question 46

different types of waves

Answer 46

Longitudinal, transverse

Question 47

longitudinal

Answer 47

straight line

Question 48

Transverse

Answer 48

wave like line

Question 49

wave amplitude

Answer 49

distance between base line and highest peek of a wave

Question 50

wave frequency

Answer 50

number of waves each second ( short vs long wave length )

Question 51

hertz

Answer 51

measurement of vibrations in a wave

Question 52

pitch

Answer 52

how high or low a sound is

Question 53

wave length

Answer 53

distance between 2 wave peeks (crest)

Question 54

Speed of sound

Answer 54

343m/sec or ~1200km

Question 55

Properties of a solid

Answer 55

Cant be compress, definite volume and shape, particles vibrate in a fixed position

Question 56

properties of a liquid

Answer 56

cant be compress, have definite volume not shape, particles move over each other

Question 57

properties of a gas

Answer 57

no definite volume or shape, partcles move freely

Question 58

what is diffusion

Answer 58

spreading of particles

Question 59

particle model

Answer 59

describes how particles move and interracte

Question 60

boiling point

Answer 60

point where liquid turn into a gas

Question 61

melting point

Answer 61

where a solid turns into a liquid

Question 62

evaporation

Answer 62

where surface of a liquid turns into water vapor

Question 63

condensation

Answer 63

where water vapor settles into water droplets

Question 64

sublimation

Answer 64

when a solid turns directly into a gas

Question 65

impact of heating or cooling substances

Answer 65

heating gains energy and cooling loses energy.

Question 66

What is an Atom

Answer 66

smallest molecule and make up everything

Question 67

parts of an atom

Answer 67

nucleus which has protons and neutrons and electrons

Question 68

Atomic Number

Answer 68

number of protons

Question 69

Chemical symbol

Answer 69

letter that represents the element

Question 70

what is an element and example

Answer 70

an element is a pure substance with only 1 type of atom, an example is gold

Question 71

what is a compound and a example

Answer 71

A compound is when 2 or more elements are chemically bonded, an eg is water

Question 72

what is a mixture and a example

Answer 72

A mixture is when 2 or more elements can be seperated physically. and eg is coffee

Question 73

properties of a metal

Answer 73

Shiny, conductors, bendable, hard, high melting point

Question 74

properties of metalloid

Answer 74

brittle, conductors

Question 75

properties of non-metal

Answer 75

brittle, poor conductors, low melting point and soft

Question 76

groups vs periods

Answer 76

groups are vertical and periods are horizontal

Question 77

what is physical change and eg

Answer 77

physical change changes in shape, size, texture or colour, eg scrunching paper.

Question 78

what is chemical change and eg

Answer 78

chemical change is when a new substance is created and eg is burning wood

Question 79

what is a chemical reaction

Answer 79

when reactants react to create a product

Question 80

different sing of a chemical reaction

Answer 80

bubbling, precipitation, production of gas

Question 81

reactants

Answer 81

elements that take part in the reaction

Question 82

product

Answer 82

the new substance created

Question 83

how to write worded equation

Answer 83

reactant 1 + reactant 2 *arrow* product

Question 84

what is reaction rate

Answer 84

how fast a chemical reaction takes place

Question 85

how can you speed up reaction

Answer 85

surface area, temp, catalyst and concentration

Question 86

catalyst

Answer 86

speeds up reaction with out taking part in it

Question 87

corrosion

Answer 87

decay of elements

Question 88

rust

Answer 88

when iron is exposed to water and oxygen and corrodes

Question 89

how to speed up rust

Answer 89

expose to water ocygen and salt

Question 90

how to prevent rust

Answer 90

oil, paint and galvanising