Science Exam Part 1

Question 1

Fossil Fuels formed from organisms that changed _________ energy from the sun to ________energy

Answer 1

Radiant

Chemical potential

Question 2

What is Petroleum used for?

Answer 2

Gasoline, fuel oil, diesel, and kerosene. These fuels are burned mainly to power cars, trucks,planes, and to heat buildings.

Question 3

What is Coal used for?

Answer 3

Electric power plants, heating buildings, producing steel and concrete. It also makes acid rain because of the pollutants it produces.

Question 4

What is Natural Gas used for?

Answer 4

About half of all homes in the USA use natural gas for heating. Electric power plants burn it. It produces less pollution.

Question 5

anything that has mass and takes up space is?

Answer 5

Matter

Question 6

What charges do electrons, protons, and neutrons have?

Answer 6

Protons-positive
Neutrons- positive
Electrons- negative

Question 7

What Is matter with a composition that is always the same?

Answer 7

Substance

Question 8

What is a substance that consists of just one type of atom?

Answer 8

An element

Question 9

What is a type of substance containing atoms of two or more different elements chemically bonded together?

Answer 9

Compound

Question 10

Amount of matter in an object.

Answer 10

Mass

Question 11

What are some examples of size dependent properties?

Answer 11

Mass and volume.

Question 12

What are some examples of size independent properties?

Answer 12

Melting and boiling point, density, electrical conductivity, and solubility.

Question 13

Ability of one substance to dissolve in another.

Answer 13

Solubility

Question 14

Mass per unit volume of a substance.

Answer 14

Density

Question 15

Is a change in size, shape, form, or state of matter in which that matter’s identity stays the same.

Answer 15

Physical changes

Question 16

What happens when thermal energy is added to a solid?

Answer 16

The particles in the solid move faster and faster, and the temperature increases.

Question 17

What happens when the particles are moving too fast for attractive forces to hold them tightly together?

Answer 17

The solid reaches its melting point.

Question 18

What happens when thermal energy is removed?

Answer 18

Particles in the gas move more slowly and the temperature decreases and condensation will occur when the particles are moving slowly enough for attractive forces to pull them tightly together.

Question 19

Is a characteristic of matter that can be observed as it changes to a different type of matter.

Answer 19

Chemical property

Question 20

Is a change in matter in which the substances that make up the matter change into other substances with new physical and chemical properties.

Answer 20

Chemical change

Question 21

What three factors increase the rate of chemical reaction?

Answer 21

Temperature, Concentration, surface area.

Question 22

Amount of substance in s certain volume/

Answer 22

Concentration

Question 23

What are three types of fossil fuels?

Answer 23

Coal, natural gas, and petroleum.

Question 24

who believed that matter is made of small, solid objects that cannot be divided, created, or destroyed.

Answer 24

Democritus

Question 25

elements that spontaneously emit radiation

Answer 25

Radioactive

Question 26

Is a process that occurs when an unstable atomic nucleus changes into another more stable nucleus by emitting radiation.

Answer 26

Nuclear decay

Question 27

________ particle is made of two protons and two neutrons. | When an atoms release a/an _______its atomic number decreases by two.

Answer 27

Alpha decay

Question 28

When _________decay occurs, a neutron changes into a proton and a high-energy electron called a/an ______particle. The atomic number of an atom increases by one because it has gained a proton.

Answer 28

Beta Decay

Question 29

because _______rays do not contain particles, the release of __________rays does not change one electron into another element.

Answer 29

Gamma

Question 30

Is an atom, that is no longer neutral because it has gained or lost electrons.

Answer 30

Ion

Question 31

An atom with a positive charge is a/an positive what?

Answer 31

Ion

Question 32

an with a negative charge is a/an

Answer 32

Negative ion

Question 33

Atoms of the same element that have different by,her of neutrons is.

Answer 33

An isotope

Question 34

What is the sum of protons and neutrons in an atom?

Answer 34

Mass number