Science Finals 24-25

Question 1

PMAT stands for

Answer 1

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Question 2

What happens in Prophase

Answer 2

Nuclear membrane dissapears

Question 3

What happens in Metaphase

Answer 3

Lines up to middle

Question 4

What happens in Anaphase

Answer 4

They split away.

Question 5

What happens in Telophase

Answer 5

Nuclear membrane re-appears. Forms 2 identical cells.

Question 6

Cytoplasm

Answer 6

Jelly-like substance inside nuclear membrane. Found in Animals and Plants

Question 7

Chloroplasts

Answer 7

Where photosynthesis happens (turns things green) Found in plants.

Question 8

Cell wall

Answer 8

Provides structure +support for plant cells

Question 9

Mitochondria

Answer 9

powerhouse/powerplant of the cell. Found in plants and animals

Question 10

Nucleus

Answer 10

Middle of the cell, control of the cell. Found in plants and animals.

Question 11

Vacuole

Answer 11

Stores things. Found in plants and animals (but larger in plants)

Question 12

Give an example of each of the following: Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ system.

Answer 12

Cells form tissue, tissues form organs, organs form organ systems, organ systems form organisms.

Question 13

Cell theory

Answer 13

All living things are made up of 1 or more cells. All cells come from pre-existing cells. Cells are the basic units of life. (Structure + Function)

Question 14

Volvox

Answer 14

Eats autotrophically, moves with two flagellum

Question 15

Amoeba

Answer 15

Moves with pseudopods, eats with them as well.

Question 16

Paramecium

Answer 16

Eats with oral groove, moves with cillia

Question 17

Euglena

Answer 17

Autotrophic, moves with flagella.

Question 18

Inheritance

Answer 18

Passing genetic info from parent to offspring

Question 19

Trait

Answer 19

a distinguishing quality/characteristic

Question 20

who is the father of genetics

Answer 20

Gregor mendel

Question 21

Mitosis

Answer 21

Uses Somatic cells, and splits in half to make 2 identical cells.

Question 22

Meiosis

Answer 22

Makes 4 non-identical daughter cells, uses reproductive cells.

Question 23

Skeletal system purpose

Answer 23

Provides structure/support for body. (Structure, storage of minerals, movement, red blood cell production, protection)

Question 24

Muscular system purpose

Answer 24

Pulls on skeletal system to move.

Question 25

Circulatory system purpose

Answer 25

Provides oxygen and nutrients to cells

Question 26

Respiratory system purpose

Answer 26

Taking in oxygen, expel carbon dioxide.

Question 27

Digestive system purpose

Answer 27

Turning food to nutrients

Question 28

Nervous system purpose

Answer 28

Perceiving the world around you.

Question 29

Hinge joint

Answer 29

(Elbow) Only goes one way, using flexors and extensors.

Question 30

Ball and socket joint

Answer 30

Moves in all directions. (Shoulder)

Question 31

Gliding joint

Answer 31

Glides over another (Wrist)

Question 32

Veins

Answer 32

Carries deoxygenated blood to the heart

Question 33

Arteries

Answer 33

Carries oxygenated blood away from heart (A=away)

Question 34

Capillaries

Answer 34

Connects veins to arteries

Question 35

Ligament

Answer 35

Bone to bone

Question 36

tendon

Answer 36

Muscle to bone

Question 37

Cartilage

Answer 37

Cushion where bones meet

Question 38

Homeostasis

Answer 38

Like your body's thermostat. It adjusts to keep body's temp balanced. (EX. sweating)

Question 39

Cerebellum

Answer 39

Conscious control of our actions

Question 40

Cerebrum

Answer 40

Coordination, balance, etc.

Question 41

Spinal cord

Answer 41

Transmits signals from brain and body.

Question 42

Frame of reference

Answer 42

Where we're at depends how we see motion

Question 43

Distance

Answer 43

The amount of space between 2 things

Question 44

speed

Answer 44

D/T how fast an object is going

Question 45

Force

Answer 45

Push or pull

Question 46

Balanced force

Answer 46

Cancels each other out

Question 47

Unbalanced force

Answer 47

Doesn't cancel each other out

Question 48

Mass

Answer 48

The amount of matter in an object

Question 49

Friction

Answer 49

A force that one surface exerts on another when rubbed together. (Friction opposes motion.)

Question 50

Inertia

Answer 50

The tendency for something to stay at rest/in motion.

Question 51

Which of Newton's laws is about inertia?

Answer 51

1st law

Question 52

What are Newton's 3 laws of motion?

Answer 52

(Inertia, acceleration, karma.) 1. An object at rest will remain at rest and and object in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon by an external force. 2. F=MA 3. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Question 53

Why do we use simple machines, and what are they?

Answer 53

Simple machines make work easier. (Because of the mechanical advantage) There are few to no moving parts in a simple machine.