Science flashcards 3-4-14

Question 0

Law of conservation of energy

Answer 0

In any chemical reaction or physical process, energy can be converted from one form to another, but neither is destroyed

Question 1

Energy

Answer 1

The ability to work or produce heat

Question 2

Chemical potential energy

Answer 2

Energy that’s stored in substance because of its composition

Question 3

Heat

Answer 3

Energy that is in the process of flowing from warmer to cooler objects

Question 4

Calorie

Answer 4

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of pure water by one degree Celsius

Question 5

Joule

Answer 5

The si unit of energy and of the heat

Question 6

Specific heat

Answer 6

Any substance is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of that substance

Question 7

Calorimeter

Answer 7

Insulated device used to measure the amout of heat that is absorbed or released during a chemical or physical process

Question 8

Thermochemistry

Answer 8

Study of heat changes that accompany chemical reactions and phase changes

Question 9

System

Answer 9

Specific part if the universe that contains the reaction or process you wish to study

Question 10

Surroundings

Answer 10

Everything in the universe other than the system

Question 11

Universe

Answer 11

System plus surroundings

Question 12

Enthalpy

Answer 12

Heat content of a system at Constance pressure

Question 13

Enthalpy (heat) of reaction

Answer 13

The heat observed and released in a chemical reaction

Question 14

Thermochemical equation

Answer 14

Balanced chemical equation that includes the physical states of all reactants and products and the energy change

Question 15

Enthalpy (hear) of combustion

Answer 15

Substance is the enthalpy change for the complete burning of of mole of the substance

Question 16

Molar enthalpy (heat) of vaporation

Answer 16

The heat required to vaporize one mole of a liquid

Question 17

Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion

Answer 17

The heat required to melt one mole if a solid substance

Question 18

Hess’s law

Answer 18

States that if you can dads two or more thermochemical equations to produce the final equation for a reaction, then the sum of enthalpy changed for the individual reactions is the enthalpy change for the final reaction

Question 19

Standard enthalpy (heat) of formation

Answer 19

The change in enthalpy that accompanies the formation if one mole of a compound in it’s standard state from it’s elements in that standard states

Question 20

Spontaneous process

Answer 20

Any chemical or physical change that once begins and occurs with no outside intervention

Question 21

Entropy

Answer 21

Number of ways a system can be organized

Question 22

Second law of thermodynamics

Answer 22

Spontaneous process always proceed in a way that entropy of the universe increases

Question 23

Free energy

Answer 23

Energy available to do work