Science inquiry

Question 1

the role of ethics/ethical guidelines in psychological research

Answer 1

to protect research participants, the reputation of psychology and psychologists themselves.

Question 2

the role of ethics committee approval and monitoring of conduct for all psychological research

Answer 2

ensure the protection of human rights and the well-being of research subjects

Question 3

use of animals in research

Answer 3

replacement- an animal is only approved if no suitable alternative method is available
reduction- only the smallest number of animals necessary for an experiment is used
refinement- Housing and experimental conditions are constantly optimized in order to subject laboratory animals to as little stress as possible.

Question 4

Independent variable

Answer 4

An independent variable is the cause

Question 5

Dependent variable

Answer 5

what you measure in the experiment and what is affected during the experiment

Question 6

Extraneous variable

Answer 6

any variable not being investigated that has the potential to affect the outcome of a research study.

Question 7

Directional v Non directional variables

Answer 7

Directional hypothesis measures the direction of variation of two variables. Non-directional hypothesis does not indicate the kind of effects but only shows the relation between two variables.

Question 8

What is methodology

Answer 8

a system of methods used in a particular area of study or activity

Question 9

Experimental and Non Experimental

Question 10

Observational

Answer 10

research in which the experimenter passively observes the behavior of the participants without any attempt at intervention or manipulation of the behaviors being observed.

Question 11

Case study

Answer 11

the use of a descriptive research approach to obtain an in-depth analysis of a person, group, or phenomenon.

Question 12

Correlational

Answer 12

determines if a relationship exists between two or more variables, and if so, to what degree the relationship occurs.

Question 13

Longtudinal

Answer 13

researchers repeatedly examine the same individuals to detect any changes that might occur over a period of time

Question 14

Cross-sectional

Answer 14

a type of observational research that analyzes data of variables collected at one given point in time across a sample population or a pre-defined subset

Question 15

What is sampling?

Answer 15

Sampling is a process in statistical analysis where researchers take a predetermined number of observations from a larger population.

Question 16

Convenience sampling

Answer 16

a qualitative research sampling strategy that involves selecting participants based on their accessibility and availability to the researcher.

Question 17

Snowballing sampling

Answer 17

a recruitment technique in which research participants are asked to assist researchers in identifying other potential subjects.

Question 18

Random sampling

Answer 18

a type of probability sampling in which the researcher randomly selects a subset of participants from a population.

Question 19

Stratified sampling

Answer 19

a method of sampling that involves the division of a population into smaller subgroups known as strata

Question 20

Controlled Variable

Answer 20

A control variable is anything that is held constant in a study to prevent it from interfering with the results.

Question 21

Confounding variables

Answer 21

an unmeasured variable that influences both the supposed cause and effect.