Science Interim December 2014

Question 1

Fossil

Answer 1

The preserved remains, shapes, or evidence of once living organisms.

Question 2

Law of Uniformitarianism & James Hutton

Answer 2

The theory proposed in the 1700s by James Hutton that Earth’s features form only due to small changes over long periods of time.

Question 3

Natural Gas

Answer 3

A fossil fuel of hydrocarbon in the form of a gas. It forms in pockets around petroleum.

Question 4

Petroleum

Answer 4

A fossil fuel of hydrocarbon in the form of a liquid. It forms the same way as natural gas. As sea creatures die and get buried in sediment, it turns into rock. Some of the remains become petroleum which is stored in the permeable rock within the Earth’s crust.

Question 5

Coal

Answer 5

A fossil fuel of hydrocarbon in the form of a solid. It forms when swamp plants die, sink to the bottom of the swamp. If they do not decay completely, coal can begin to form.

Question 6

Controlling Variable

Answer 6

Where all factors are kept the same except one.

Question 7

Manipulated Variable

Answer 7

The factor that you want to change or test.

Question 8

Responding Variable

Answer 8

The result of the change.

Question 9

Igneous Rock

Answer 9

Forms fro hot, liquid rock, or magma, which cools and solidifies.

Question 10

Sedimentary Rock

Answer 10

Forms at or near the Earth’s surface, through the process of erosion.

Question 11

Metamorphic Rock

Answer 11

Forms from heat and pressure deep beneath the Earth’s surface.

Question 12

Rock Cycle

Answer 12

A series of processes on Earth’s surface and interior that slowly change rocks from one kind to another.

Question 13

When do changes to Earth’s surface happen?

Answer 13

Slowly and over long periods of time.

Question 14

How can you explain the fossils of starfish found on top of a mountain?

Answer 14

Provides evidence of how life, climate and Earth’s surface have changed over time.

Question 15

If you found a tropical fossil in northern Canada, what can you infer from the climate of Canada?

Answer 15

It once had a warmer climate.

Question 16

How old is the Earth?

Answer 16

4.6 billion years old

Question 17

Give one example of fossil evidence that supports the existence of Pangaea.

Answer 17

Evidence of a palm tree fossil in Alaska.

Question 18

Older rocks contain fossils of (MORE or LESS) complex organisms.

Answer 18

less

Question 19

What unit would you use to express how much Gatorade is in a bottle?

Answer 19

Milliliters

Question 20

What unit would you use to express how much water is in a pool?

Answer 20

Liters

Question 21

What is the first step in the scientific method?

Answer 21

Question

Question 22

Explain the difference between an inference and an observation

Answer 22

An inference relates to making tentative explanations and interpretations based on observations or prior knowledge, whereas, an observation is using your 5 sense with descriptors and examining carefully.

Question 23

What type of rock typically forms in layers?

Answer 23

sedimentary

Question 24

How are rocks classified?

Answer 24

How they are formed

Question 25

Explain the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks

Answer 25

Both made from molten rock, intrusive made from magma under surface earth, extrusive made from lava on surface of earth. intrusive - process - intrusion - product extrusive - process - extrusion - product

Question 26

How could a metamorphic rock become magma?

Answer 26

melting

Question 27

Must a sedimentary rock become metamorphic rock before it can become magma? Explain.

Answer 27

No - It can be melted to form magma

Question 28

Why are rocks and minerals important to society?

Answer 28

Used as building materials, road construction, cosmetics, medicines, etc.

Question 29

What will happen if we continue to use nonrenewable resources at the same rate as our population grows?

Answer 29

We would run out of those resources.

Question 30

List two advantages of renewable resources

Answer 30

free, no pollution

Question 31

List 3 ways to conserve energy

Answer 31

Turn off the faucet when brushing your teeth, turn off the light when leaving a room, use energy efficient light bulbs

Question 32

What is the source of all renewable energy on earth?

Answer 32

The sun

Question 33

List the non-renewable resources

Answer 33

coal, oil, natural gas

Question 34

List the nonrenewable resources

Answer 34

geothermal, biomass, wind, hydroelectric, solar

Question 35

How are solar cells used n our world?

Answer 35

calculators, watches, cell phones, traffic signals, emergency lights

Question 36

What is an example of a biomass fuel?

Answer 36

wood, garbage, used cooking oil

Question 37

What is an example of an energy-efficient device in your classroom?

Answer 37

fluorescent light bulbs