Science L.7-11

Question 1

cell theory

Answer 1

a widley accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things

Question 2

cell

Answer 2

basic structure for all living things

Question 3

microscope

Answer 3

makes small things look bigger

Question 4

organelle

Answer 4

carry out specific functions in the cell

Question 5

cell wall

Answer 5

a rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cell, and protects and supports it

Question 6

cell membrane

Answer 6

controls what subsutances come into and out of a cell

Question 7

nucleus

Answer 7

the cells “control center” directing all the cells activity

Question 8

cytoplasm

Answer 8

the region between the cell membrane and the nucleas

Question 9

mitochondria

Answer 9

the “power house” of the cell”, it converts food molecules into energy the cell can use

Question 10

endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 10

it’s passageways carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another

Question 11

ribosome

Answer 11

function as factories to produce proteins

Question 12

Golgi body

Answer 12

receives proteins and other materials from the endo. reticulum, packages them, and distributes them

Question 13

chloroplast

Answer 13

captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food for the cell

Question 14

vacuole

Answer 14

the storage areas of the cell

Question 15

lysosome

Answer 15

small, round structures with chemicals that break down certain materials in the cell

Question 16

element

Answer 16

any substance that cant be broken down anymore

Question 17

compound

Answer 17

when two or more elements chemically combine

Question 18

carbohydrate

Answer 18

energy rich compound includes sugar and starch

Question 19

lipid

Answer 19

fats, oils, and waxes

Question 20

protein

Answer 20

meat, fish, eggs, beans

Question 21

amino acid

Answer 21

protein molecules made of smaller molecules

Question 22

enzyme

Answer 22

typeof protein that can speed up a chemical reaction in a living thing

Question 23

nucleic acid

Answer 23

long organic molecules that carry the instructions cells need to function

Question 24

DNA

Answer 24

genetic material

Question 25

RNA

Answer 25

helps make proteins

Question 26

selectivity permeable

Answer 26

some substances can pass through the cell membrane others can't

Question 27

diffusion

Answer 27

the main method by which small molecules move across the cell membrane

Question 28

osmosis

Answer 28

the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 29

passive transport

Answer 29

the movement of materials through a cell membrane without using energy

Question 30

active transport

Answer 30

materials passing through membrane using energy