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Science: Nonrenewable energy Flashcards

(16 cards)

1
Q

What is oil?

A

A liquid fossil fuel formed from marine organisms that is used in transportation and in the manufacture of plastics. It is recovered by drilling.

Oil is a thick, black, liquid fossil fuel.

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2
Q

What is coal?

A

A solid fossil fuel formed from decayed plants that is mainly used for electricity.

Coal is a resource that is mined.

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3
Q

What is nuclear power?

A

The use of controlled nuclear reactions (splitting atoms), used to make electricity (not a fossil fuel).

Nuclear power does not produce greenhouse gases during operation.

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4
Q

What is natural gas?

A

A gas used as a fuel typically to heat homes or to cook with. It is a fossil fuel that burns the cleanest.

Natural gas is in the gaseous state.

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5
Q

What are the types of coal?

A

Anthracite, lignite, bituminous.

These types vary in carbon content and energy output.

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6
Q

What are the advantages of oil?

A
  • Found in lots of places around the world
  • Convenient to transport and use
  • Reliable

Oil’s widespread availability contributes to its use in various industries.

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7
Q

What are the advantages of coal?

A
  • Inexpensive
  • Available in many places around the world
  • Provides jobs
  • Easy to transport

Coal’s affordability makes it a popular energy source, particularly for electricity generation.

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8
Q

What are the advantages of natural gas?

A
  • Less damage to the environment
  • Burns cleaner
  • Inexpensive
  • Readily available

Natural gas is often seen as a transitional fuel towards cleaner energy sources.

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9
Q

What are the advantages of nuclear power?

A
  • Low pollution
  • Need a small amount to produce a lot of energy
  • Easy to transport
  • Reliable

Nuclear energy is considered a low-carbon energy source.

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10
Q

What are the disadvantages of oil?

A
  • Greenhouse gases are released when burned
  • Spills are dangerous to the environment

Environmental risks associated with oil spills can have long-term ecological impacts.

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11
Q

What are the disadvantages of coal?

A
  • Releases impurities (e.g. sulfur dioxide) into the air when burned
  • Releases greenhouse gases
  • Soot is left behind
  • Mining is a dangerous job

Coal mining can pose significant health risks to workers and environmental concerns.

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12
Q

What are the disadvantages of natural gas?

A
  • Expensive to transport
  • Creates greenhouse gases when burned
  • Leaks are dangerous (can cause explosions)

Natural gas leaks can lead to serious safety hazards and environmental issues.

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13
Q

What are the disadvantages of nuclear power?

A
  • Mining uranium
  • Spills can be disastrous
  • Plants are expensive to build
  • Left with radioactive waste to store

The management of radioactive waste remains a key challenge in nuclear energy.

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14
Q

What is fracking?

A

The pumping of water at high pressure to break apart rocks in order to release natural gas.

Fracking has been controversial due to its environmental impacts.

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15
Q

How is energy produced from fossil fuels?

A

It is burned, then heats water which turns to steam, which turns a turbine in a generator.

This process is fundamental to many electricity generation methods.

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16
Q

Define fossil fuel.

A

Coal, oil, natural gas, came from plants and animals buried and subjected to lots of pressure and heat over millions of years.

Fossil fuels are a primary source of energy but have significant environmental impacts.