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Cosmo- Rogers > Science Part 2: The Muscular System > Flashcards

Science Part 2: The Muscular System Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Myology

A

The study of the structure, function, and diseases of the muscles

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2
Q

What are muscles

A

Fibrous tissues that contract, when stimulated by messages carried by the nervous system, to produce movement

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3
Q

What are the functions of the muscular system?

A

Movement of the body; involvement in functions of other body systems; support of the skeleton; contouring of the body

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4
Q

What are the 2 types of muscle tissue?

A

Voluntary/Striated & Involuntary/Non-Striated

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5
Q

What type of muscle tissue responds to commands and is regulated by will?

A

Voluntary or Striated

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6
Q

What type of muscle tissue responds automatically to control various body functions?

A

Involuntary or Non-striated

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7
Q

The salon professional is primarily concerned with which type of muscles found in the head, face, neck, hands, and arms? Autonomic, voluntary, involuntary, or non-striated?

A

Voluntary

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8
Q

Muscles affected by massage are generally massaged from the :

A

Insertion attachment to the origin attachment

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9
Q

Anterior =

A

in front of

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10
Q

Posterior=

A

behind or in back of

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11
Q

Superioris=

A

located above or is larger

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12
Q

Inferioris=

A

Located below or is smaller

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13
Q

Levator=

A

lifts up

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14
Q

Depressor=

A

Draws down or depresses

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15
Q

Dilator=

A

Opens, enlarges or expands

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16
Q

What are the 3 parts of the muscle?

A

Origin, belly, & insertion

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17
Q

What is the ‘origin’ part of a muscle?

A

Nonmoving (fixed) portion, attached to bones or to other fixed muscle

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18
Q

What is the ‘belly’ part of a muscle?

A

midsection of muscle

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19
Q

What is the ‘insertion’ part of a muscle?

A

Portion of muscle joined to movable attachments- bones, movable muscles, or skin

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20
Q

5 methods to stimulate muscular tissue:

A
  1. massage
  2. electric current
  3. temperature (dry or moist heat & cold)
  4. nerve impulses
  5. chemicals
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21
Q

What/Where is the frontalis muscle?

A

Extends from forehead to top of skull; raises eyebrows or draws scalp forward

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22
Q

What/Where is the Occipitalis muscle?

A

Located at the nape of neck; draws scalp back

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23
Q

What/where is the Auricularis Anterior?

A

One of the three muscles of the ear that are used to move the auricula- the visible part of the ear. It is in front of the ear

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24
Q

What/where is the Auricularis Superior?

A

One of the three muscles of the ear that are used to move the auricula- the visible part of the ear. Above the ear.

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25
What/where is the Auricularis Posterior?
One of the three muscles of the ear that are used to move the auricula- the visible part of the ear. Behind the ear.
26
What/where is the Corrugator muscle?
Located between eyebrows; controls eyebrows, drawing in and downward
27
What/where is the Levator Palpebrae Superioris?
Located above the eyelids; raises eyelid
28
What/where is the Orbicularis Oculi?
Circles eye socket; closes eyelid
29
What/where is the Procerus?
Located between eyebrows, across the bridge of the nose; draws brows down; wrinkles area across the bridge of the nose
30
What/where is the Orbicularis Oris?
Circles mouth; contracts, puckers and wrinkles lips, as in kissing or whistling
31
What/where is the Quadratus Labii Superiorus?
Consists of 3 parts located above upper lip; raises both nostrils and upper lips, as in expressing distaste; also known as Levator Labii Superioris
32
What/where is the Quadratus Labii Inferioris?
Located below lower lip; pulls lower lip down or to side, as in expressing sarcasm; also known as Depressor Labii Inferioris
33
What/where is the Mentalis?
Tip of chin; pushes lower lip up and/or wrinkles chin, as in expressing doubt
34
What/where is the Risorius?
Corner of mouth; draws mouth up and out as in grinning
35
What/where is the Caninus?
Located above corners of mouth; raises angle of mouth, as in snarling; also known as Levator Anguli Oris
36
What/where is the Triangularis?
located below corners of mouth; draws corners of mouth down, as in expressing depression; also known as the Depressor Anguili
37
What/where is the Zygomaticus?
Major and Minor; located outside corners of mouth, draws mouth up and back, as in laughing
38
What/where is the Buccinator?
located between jaws and cheek; responsible for compressing cheek to release air outwardly, as in blowing
39
What are the 2 mastication muscles?
Temporalis and Masseter
40
What/where is the Temporalis?
Located above and in front of the ear; opens and closes jaw, as in chewing
41
What/where is the Masseter?
Covers the hinge of the jaw; aids in closing jaw, as in chewing
42
What/where is the Platysma?
Extends from tip of chin to shoulders and chest; draws lower lip and corner of mouth sideways and down, partially opening mouth, as in surprise or fright
43
What/where is the Sternocleidomastoideus?
Extends along side of neck from ear to collarbone; causes head to move from side to side and up and down, as in nodding yes or no
44
What/where is the Trapezius?
Flat, triangular; covers upper and back part of neck and shoulders; aids in drawing head back and elevating shoulder blades
45
What/where are the Latissimus Dorsi?
Flat, triangular; covers lumbar (lower back) region and lower half of thoracic region; aids in swinging arms
46
What/where is the Pectoralis Major and Perctoralis Minor?
Extends across front of chest; assist in swinging the arms
47
What/where is the Serratus Anterior?
Located under the arm helps in lifting the arm and in breathing
48
What/where is the Deltoid?
Triangle shapes; covers the shoulder; lifts or turns the arm
49
What/where are the Biceps?
Primary muscle in the front of upper arm; raises forearm, bends elbow and turns palm of the hand down
50
What/where are the Triceps?
Extends the length of upper arm to the forearm; controls forward movement of forearm
51
What/where is the Supinator?
Runs parallel to the ulna; turns palm of the hand up
52
What/where is the Pronator?
Runs across front of lower part of radius and ulna; turns palm of the hand downward and inward
53
What/where is the Flexor?
Located mid-forearm, on inside of arm; bends wrist and closes fingers
54
What/where is the Extensor?
Located mid-forearm, on the outside of arm; straightens the finger and wrist
55
What/where is the Abductor?
Muscle, stretches over fingers; separates fingers
56
What/where is the Adductor?
Muscle, stretches over fingers; draws fingers together
57
What/where is the Opponens?
Muscle, palm of hand; causes thumb to move toward fingers, giving ability to grasp or make a fist
58
What/where is the Tibialis Anterior?
Muscle, covers front of shin; bends foot upward and inward
59
What/where is the Gastrocnemius?
muscle, located at back of leg; attached to lower-rear surface of heel; pulls foot down
60
What/where is the Peroneus Longus?
muscle, originates in upper two-thirds of outer fibula and causes foot to invert and turn outward
61
What/where is the Peroneus Brevis?
muscle, originates in lower third part of fibula and bends foot down and out
62
What/where is the Soleus?
muscle, originates in upper portion of fibula from just below knee to heel; bends foot down
63
What/where is the Extensor Digitorum Longus?
muscle, located on outside part of lower leg; bends foot up and extends toes
64
What/where is the Extensor Hallucis Longus?
Located between tibialis interior and extensor digitorum longus; extends big tow and flexes foot
65
What/where is the Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis?
muscle, located along base of small toe; flexes joint of small toe
66
What/where is the Flexor Digitorum Brevis?
muscle, located across ball of foot, beneath toes; flexes toes
67
What/where is the Abductor Hallucis?
muscle, runs along interior border of foot; moves big toe away from other toes
68
What/where is the Abductor Digiti Minimi?
muscle, runs along outside border of foot and connects to heel; moves smallest toe away from other toes

Cosmo- Rogers (11 decks)

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