Science (particle model of matter 🦠) Flashcards
What are the 4 points of the Particle Model of Matter?
-All matter is made of tiny particles
-Particles are always moving
-There are spaces between particles
-There are attractive forces between the particles
What is heat?
Heat is the transfer of Ek from hot to cold.
What is thermal energy?
Total substance of energy
What is temperature?
Average speed of particles
When temperature increases, what happens to the particles? (motion, spaces, attractive forces?)
They move faster and they spread out, so there are bigger spaces.
What happens when an object expands? (think: particle speed? spaces between?)
It heats up, the spaces get bigger and the particles move faster.
What is the difference between expanding and contracting?
Expanding - Spaces gets bigger and speeds up
Contracting - Spaces gets smaller and slows down
If the temperature is below (colder than) the melting point, what state of matter will the substance be in?
Solid
If the temperature is above the melting point but below the boiling point, what state of matter will the substance be in?
Liquid
If the temperature is above (hotter than) the boiling point, what state of matter will the substance be in?
Gas
What direction does heat always transfer?
Hot to cold
What is the difference between a conductor and an insulator? Give an example of each.
Conductor - A material that allows Ek to transfer easily. Like metal, glass, water and more.
Insulator - A material that prevents/slows transfer of Ek. Like wood, rubber, plastics and more.
What types of materials are good at reflecting radiant heat?
Shiny, Smooth, and light
What is convection?
Ek transfers through liquid/gasses (Less - Float/Rises) (More - Sink/Falls)
What is radiation?
Transfers Ek through SOLIDS/LIQUIDS/GASSES.
Moves in electromagnetic waves
Requires NO particle movement
