Science PPH Flashcards
(182 cards)
1
Q
What is energy ?
A
The capacity for something to do work.
2
Q
What does transfer mean ?
A
To move something from one place to another.
3
Q
Can energy be created or destroyed ?
A
No, only transferred.
4
Q
do a flower card
A
check answer online
5
Q
What does dissipate mean ?
A
Energy that has been transferred and stored in a less useful way, spreads into it’s surroundings.
6
Q
What does power mean ?
A
The rate at which energy is transferred per second.
7
Q
What does efficiency mean ?
A
The fraction of the energy supplied to a device that is transferred in a useful form.
8
Q
Power = ___?___
A
Energy
time
9
Q
Efficiency = __?__
A
useful energy
input energy
10
Q
What is kinetic energy + example
A
Where an object is moving/ car
11
Q
What is gravitational potential energy + example
A
Objects that are high up/ plane
12
Q
What is thermal energy + example
A
Where objects are warm or hot/ tea
13
Q
What is chemical energy + example
A
Fuels that cane release energy when in a chemical reaction/ coal
14
Q
What is electromagnetic energy + example
A
Where two magnets or electric charges are moved apart/ magnet
15
Q
What is vibrational energy + example
A
Waves such as sounds/ microphone
16
Q
What is nuclear energy + example
A
Where nuclei inside atoms join or separate/ sun
17
Q
What is elastic potential energy + example
A
Where objects are squeezed or stretched/ rubber band
18
Q
What are the four pathways ?
A
Mechanical working, electrical working, heating by radiation and heating by particles
19
Q
before - person throwing ball (?)
pathway- ?
after- Ball in air (?)
A
Before- kinetic
Pathway- mechanical
After-kinetic
20
Q
before- ball in hand (?)
pathway- ?
after- ball falling (?)
A
before- gravitational potential
Pathway- mechanical
after- kinetic
21
Q
before- kettle boiling (?)
pathway- ?
after- kettle stopped (?)
A
before- thermal
pathway- heating by particles
after- thermal
22
Q
What is energy measured in ?
A
Joules.
23
Q
What is the rule for conservation energy ?
A
Energy can only be created or destroyed it can only be transferred from one energy stall to another.
24
Q
What is density ?
A
how much mass there is in a particular volume, or how close the particles are
25
Density = ?
mass
volume
26
What are the 8 energy stores ?
kinetic
Electromagnetic
Thermal
Gravitational potential
Chemical
Vibrational
Elastic potential
Nuclear
27
if a toy car uses 200J of energy in 2 min, what is its power ?
100J
28
What is a cell ?
Basic building blocks of all animal and plants.
29
What is an organism ?
An individual animal, plant or single-celled life form/ living think
30
What is a specialised cell ?
Specialised cells have a specific function and features that help them carry out that function.
31
What is a light microscope ?
It uses a series of lenses to produce a magnifies image of an object
32
What is magnification ?
To increase the size of an object, to make it bigger than it actually is.
33
What is resolution ?
The ability to distinguish between 2 points.
34
What is multicellular , give two examples.
A living thing that is made from many cells/ animal and plants.
35
What is Unicellular , give example?
A living thing that is just one cell/ bacteria.
36
Complete label sheet of cells on paper.
Check answers on answer sheet.
37
What is a membrane and what cell is it in ?
Surrounds the cell and controls which substances can pass into and out of it/ both.
38
What is a Nucleus and what cell is it in ?
Contains the genetic material (DNA) of the organism and controls the cells activities/ both.
39
What is a cell wall and what cell is it in ?
Contains cellulose to provide strength and support/ plant cell.
40
What is mitochondria and what cell is it in ?
Where energy is released from glucose during the chemical reaction called respiration/ both.
41
What is cytopasm and what cell is it in ?
A jelly like substance which takes up mast of the cell in which chemical reactions happen/ both.
42
What is chloroplast and what cell is it in ?
contains a green pigment called chlorophyll in which photosynthesis occurs/ plant cell.
43
What is vacuole and what cell is it in ?
contains a watery liquid called sell sap that keeps the cell firm/ plant cell.
44
What is a specialised cell ?
Cells that have a specific function and features that help them carry out that function.
45
What does a sperm cell do and what are some features it has to help it ?
swims to egg to fertilise it.
-chemicals in head to break through egg
-1/2 DNA
-lots of mitochondria to help the tail move
46
What cell swims to egg to fertilise it ?
sperm cell.
47
What does a red blood cell do and what are some features it has to help it ?
Carries oxygen.
-no nucleus so more oxygen can fit
-flat
-flexible and small to fit through blood vessels
48
what cell carries oxygen ?
red blood cell.
49
What does a nerve cell do and what features does it have to help it.
sends electric messages around the body.
-long and thin
-fast
-travel long distance
-join to each other
50
What cell sends electric massages around the body ?
nerve cell.
51
what does the root hair cell do ?
absorbs water.
-large surface area
52
what cell absorbs water ?
root hair cell.
53
What is the name of the cell that surrounds the cell and controls which substances can pass into and out from it ?
membrane.
54
what is the name of the cell that contains the genetic material DNA of the organism and controls the cells activities ?
Nucleus.
55
what is the name of the cell that contains cellulose to provide strength and support ?
cell wall.
56
what is the name of the cell that energy is released from glucose during the chemical reaction called respiration ?
mitochondria.
57
what is the name of the cell where a jelly like substance makes up most of the cell in which chemical reactions happen ?
cytopasim.
58
What is the name of the cell containing a green pigment called chlorophyll in which photosynthsis occurs ?
chloroplast.
59
what is the name of the cell that contains a watery liquids called cell cap that Keeps the cell firm ?
vacuole.
60
complete diagram of light microscope.
find answers on answers sheet.
61
what is a tissue made out of ?
a group of cells.
62
what is an organ made out of ?
a group of tissues.
63
what is an organ system made out of ?
a group of organs.
64
what is a organism made out of ?
a group of organ systems.
65
What is the respiratory system ?
where air enters the lungs. oxygen is taken and carbon dioxide is breathed out.
66
What is the name of the organ system where air enters the lungs , the oxygen is taken and then carbon dioxide is breathed out ?
respiratory system.
67
what is the circulatory system ?
how blood is transported around the body, it includes the heart that pumps the blood.
68
what is the name of the organ system that blood is transported around the body, including the heart that pumps the blood.
circulatory system
69
What is the immune system ?
This helps us fight off infections to keep us well, including white blood cells.
70
What is the name of the organ system that helps us fight of infections to keep us well, including white blood cells ?
immune system.
71
what is the digestive system ?
This is where food is digested, is is then absorbed into the bloodstreem.
72
what is the organ system where food is digested and absorbed into the bloodstreem.
digestive system.
73
what is the muscular skeletal system ?
this includes bones and joints and has muscles attached to allow us to move.
74
what is the name of the organ system where it includes bones and joints and has muscled attached to help us move ?
muscular skeletal system.
75
what is the reproductive system ?
how we produce young, female produce eggs and males produce sperm to fertilise the egg.
76
what is the name of the organ system that is how we produce young and female produce eggs and male produce sperm to fertilise the egg ?
reproductive system.
77
what is a palisade cell ?
they are only found in leafs and contain lots of chloroplast for photosinfesis.
78
what cell are only found in leafs and contain lots of chloroplast for photosynfises ?
palisade cells.
79
what is the ciliated epithelial cell ?
it is found in the neck and the larynx and the smaller hair remove dust and bacteria to the back of the throat where they are swallowed.
80
what cell is found in the neck and the larynx and the smaller hair remove dust and bacteria to the back of the throat where it is swallowed ?
ciliated epithelial cell.
81
what does the ovum do ?
it stores nutrients for the embryo and contains genetic information from the mother inside the nucleus.
82
what is an ovum ?
an egg.
83
what cell stores nutrients for the embryo and contains genetic information from the mother inside the nucleus?
the ovum.
84
what is the job of the stem in a plant ?
to support the flower and send water through the plants body to live.
85
what is the job of the roots ?
to absorb water and minerals from the soil.
86
what is the job of the leaf ?
to absorb sunlight to make food for the plant.
87
what is the job of the flowr ?
to be colourful to attract bees and insects for polination.
88
What is reproduction ?
the process of creating new life.
89
What is menstruation ?
period, the process where a woman's lining of a uterus breaks down because fertilisation has not taken place.
90
what is ovulation ?
the process where an egg cell is released from the ovaries.
91
what is fertilisation ?
the process where the gametes fuse to form an embryo.
92
what are the gametes?
sperm cell and egg cell.
93
what is pollination ?
the act of transferring pollen grains from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma.
94
what is puberty ?
the name for the time when you body begins to develop and change as you move from child to adult.
95
what is contraception ?
mechanical, chemical, surgical and natural contraceptive methods used to prevent a pregnancy.
96
what are the parts of the female reproductive system ?
vagina
cervix
uterus
oviduct (fallopian tube)
ovary
97
what are the parts of the male reproductive system?
testes
scrotum
sperm duct
gland
urethra
98
what does the penis do ?
goes into the vagina during intercourse.
99
what does the vagina do ?
where penis enters and receives sperm.
100
what does the cervix do ?
holds the baby in place.
101
what does the fallopian tube do ?
carries egg to uterus.
102
what doe the ovary do ?
releases egg.
103
what does the uterus do ?
where the baby grows.
104
what does the testes do ?
makes sperm.
105
what does the scrotum do ?
holds the testes.
106
what does the sperm duct do ?
carries the sperm out of the penis.
107
what does the gland do ?
adds a liquid to the sperm.
108
what does the urethra do ?
carries the sperm out of the body.
109
what enters the vagina during intercourse ?
the penis.
110
what released eggs ?
the ovaries
111
what part is where the baby grows
the uterus.
112
what carries the egg to the uterus ?
the fallopian tube (oviduct)
113
what part does the penis enter and received sperm ?
the vagina
114
what holds the baby in place ?
the cervix.
115
what holds the testes ?
the scrotum
116
what carries sperm out of the body ?
the urethra.
117
what makes sperm ?
the testes.
118
what adds liquid to the sperm ?
the gland.
119
what carries the sperm to the penis ?
sperm duct.
120
how often is an egg released ?
around 28 days (every month).
121
where does fertilisation occur ?
in the fallopian tube .
122
what is the name given to a fertilised egg ?
a zygote.
123
what is implantation ?
when a fertilised egg attaches to the lining of the uterus at the beginning of pregnancy.
124
what are the four stages of the menstrual cycle ?
1- the lining of the uterus breaks down
2 - the lining of the uterus builds back up
3 - the egg is released
4 - the lining of the uterus is maintained
125
what is a placenta ?
where the baby gets food and oxygen.
126
where does the baby get food and oxygen from ?
the placenta.
127
what is a foetus ?
the developing baby.
128
what is a developing baby called ?
foetus.
129
what does the vagina during pregnancy ?
where the baby comes out when born ?
130
where does the baby come out when born ?
vagina.
131
what is the umbilical cord ?
attaches the foetus to the placenta.
132
what attaches the foetus to the placenta ?
the umbilical cord.
133
what is the amniotic fluid ?
protects the baby.
134
what protects the baby ?
the amniotic fluid.
135
name 6 things that happen to both boys and girls during puberty ?
pubic hair
body hair
body smell
interested in relationships
mood swings
reproductive organs enlarge
136
name 3 things that change for girls during puberty ?
hips widen
breast tissue grows
period starts
137
name 3 things that change foe boys during puberty ?
voice deepens
shoulders become broader
facial hair grows
138
what are 3 ways to provent pregnancy and tell me about them.
condom /put over erect penis/98 percent affective/protects against STD/slip off/allergic
combined pill/every day/99 percent affective/reduce period pain/weight gain mood change/forget
sterilisation/female tube or sperm duct is cut or blocked/never re-produce again/is a failure rate
139
WHAT DOES FILAMENT MEAN ?
SUPPORTS AND HOLDS ANTHER / PART OF STAMEN.
140
what does the anther do ?
contains pollen / part of stamen.
141
what does ovary do in flower ?
eggs stored here / join with pollen.
142
what does stigma do ?
sticky to catch pollen.
143
what does petal do ?
colourful / attracts insects
144
what does stamen do ?
male port of flower / makes pollen / made up of anther and filament .
144
what does carpel do ?
female part / seeds made here / consists of stigma, style and ovary.
145
what does stem do on a flower ?
green stalk / provides support.
146
what does sepal do ?
special leafs form ring around the bottom to protect buds.
147
what does style do ?
stick to catch pollen / supports stigma.
148
what is seed dispersal ?
the movement to transfer of seeds away from the parent plant.
149
name one thing that is supplied to the foetus through the mothers blood ?
oxygen and nutrients
150
how long is some one normally pregnant for ?
39 weeks
151
what is a transverse wave ?
the direction of vibration is perpendicular to the direction the energy travels/ water, light
152
what is a longitude wave ?
the direction of vibration is parallel to the direction the energy travels/ sound.
153
what is reflection ?
waves that are bounced off a surface.
154
what is refraction ?
the change of speed of a wave due to the optical density of the material the light is traveling through.
155
what is diffraction ?
the bending of a wave that passes near the edge of an object or through a narrow slit causing the spread of light.
156
what does transparent mean ?
a material that allows light through.
157
What does opaque mean ?
A material that does not allow light through.
158
what does amplitude mean ?
the height of the wave from the middle to the top.
159
what does peak mean ?
the top of the wave
160
what does wavelength mean ?
the distance between two corresponding points on a wave in meters.
161
what does trough mean ?
the bottom of a wave.
162
what does compression mean ?
an area of high concentration in a longitude wave.
163
what does rarefaction mean ?
an area of low concentration in a longitude wave.
164
how do you calculate time ?
1 '/. frequency
165
how do you calculate frequency ?
1 '/. time
166
do a card.
5
167
do a card.
5
168
do a card.
5
168
do a card.
5
169
do a card.
5
170
do a card.
5
171
do a card.
5
172
what is the law of reflection ?
the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
173
what is specular reflection ?
clear image.
174
what is diffuse reflection ?
not a clear image.
175
what is a transmitted wave ?
waves that pass through.
176
what is an absorbed wave ?
waves that are not transmitted or reflected.
177
what does translucent mean ?
a material that light can pass through but objects cannot be seen clearly.
178
what is an independent variable ?
the thing you are changing.
179
what is a dependant variable ?
thing you mesure.
180
what are 5 things waves can do when they hit a boundary ?
refract, absorb, transmit, reflect and diffract.
