Science Semester 1 Exam

Question 1

Atomic number

Answer 1

The “position” of the element on the periodic table

Number of protons equals the atomic number of that element

Question 2

Mass number

Answer 2

The “big” number of the element

Number of protons “plus” number of neutrons

Question 3

Electrons

Answer 3

The arrangement of electrons In The outer shells 
Shell 1 = max 2
Shell 2 = max 8
Shell 3 = max 18
Shell 4 = max 18

Question 4

Noble gasses

Answer 4

Noble gases do not react because it has a full outer shell

Question 5

Ionic bond

Answer 5

Atoms exchange electrons

Usually happens between metals and non metals

Question 6

Covalent bond

Answer 6

Atoms share electrons
Normally occurs between non-metals
Two different types of covalent bonds are molecular and network

Question 7

Metals + acid =

Answer 7

Salt + H2

Question 8

Acid + alkali =

Answer 8

Salt + H2O

Question 9

Acid + carbonate =

Answer 9

Salt + H2O+ CO2

Question 10

Isotopes

Answer 10

Number of neutrons

Question 11

One mole =

Answer 11

6.02X10^23

Question 12

Fm

Answer 12

Formula mass

Question 13

Am

Answer 13

Atomic mass

Question 14

5 element families

Answer 14

• Alkali metals
• alkaline earth metals
• transition metals
• halogens
• noble gasses

Question 15

Metallic bonding

Answer 15

Occurs between metal atoms

Question 16

Ionic bonding

Answer 16

Occurs between metals and non-metals

Question 17

Network bonding

Answer 17

Found throughout a material in a continuous network.

Question 18

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Answer 18

A molecule that determines characteristics of living things

Question 19

Watson crick model

Answer 19

Tells us that DNA is made up of smaller nucleotides consisting of phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar and one of four nitrogen - rich bases.

Question 20

4 nitrogen rich bases

Answer 20

• adenine
• thymine
• guanine
• cytosine

Question 21

Chromosomes

Answer 21

Long, thin, read like structures found in the nuclei of all cells in the human body that contains a nucleus.
There are 23 pairs of chromosomes in the human body half from the father and half from the mother

Question 22

(X,X) sex chromosomes

Answer 22

Female

Question 23

(X,Y) sex chromosomes

Answer 23

Male

Question 24

Genes

Answer 24

Sections of DNA arranged along the chromosomes

Question 25

Replication

Answer 25

The process of the double helix splitting and the exposed nucleotides pair. A replicated pair of chromosomes is called chromatides

Question 26

When organisms grow

Answer 26

Cells divide or replicate

Question 27

Mitosis

Answer 27

Occur in unicellular organisms | Produces two daughter cells that are identical to the parent

Question 28

Meiosis

Answer 28

Produces gametes that have half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell

Question 29

7 stages of mitosis

Answer 29

1 - interphase - Chromosomes replicate 2 - prophase - replicated chromosomes become visible 3 - metaphase - replicated chromosomes line up along the 4 - anaphase - chromatids seperate and move to opposite poles 5 - telophase - two nuclei form 6 - cytokinesis - cell membranes form

Question 30

Diploid number

Answer 30

Number of chromosomes in your body | Also described as 2n

Question 31

Genetics

Answer 31

The study of inherited characteristics

Question 32

Inherited characteristics

Answer 32

Called traits

Question 33

Alleles

Answer 33

Different versions of genes | Occupy the same position on homologous chromosomes

Question 34

Motion

Answer 34

Described as a number and direction

Question 35

Scalar

Answer 35

A quantity with only a magnitude

Question 36

Vector

Answer 36

A quantity with a magnitude and a direction

Question 37

Displacement

Answer 37

The distance from your starting point in a straight line

Question 38

Velocity =

Answer 38

Displacement /time

Question 39

Physical units

Answer 39

``` Mass (kg) Length (m) Time (s) Current (a) Temp (k) Light (d) Moles (mol) ```

Question 40

Newton’s 1st law

Answer 40

A body moving with a constant velocity will continue that state of motion u til acted on by an external/unbalanced force

Question 41

Newton’s 2nd law

Answer 41

F=ma | Force = Mass X Acccelerarion

Question 42

Newton’s 3rd law

Answer 42

For every action there’s an equal but opposite reaction