science semester exam 4

Question 1

the study of nature

Answer 1

science

Question 2

the study of matter and energyphysical science

Answer 2

physical science

Question 3

anything that has mass and takes up space

Answer 3

matter

Question 4

the ability to do work or cause change

Answer 4

energy

Question 5

the amount of matter in an object

Answer 5

mass

Question 6

the transfer of energy in which a force is put on an object moves in the direction of the force

Answer 6

work

Question 7

Scientific Methoda set of steps used to solve a problem

Answer 7

Scientific Method

Question 8

Hypothesisan educated guess made from previous observations and knowledge

Answer 8

Hypothesis

Question 9

the amount of space an object takes up

Answer 9

Volume

Question 10

any factor that can change in the results of an experiment

Answer 10

variable

Question 11

technologythe application of science to help people

Answer 11

technology

Question 12

an explanation of an event based on observations and experiment

Answer 12

theory

Question 13

a statement that tells what happens in an event

Answer 13

law

Question 14

temperaturethe measure of kinetic energy of the atoms in an object

Answer 14

temperature

Question 15

the mass per unit volume of a material

Answer 15

density

Question 16

something created to represent an idea

Answer 16

model

Question 17

a visual display of information used to explain an idea or concept

Answer 17

graph

Question 18

the distance an object travels over a period of time

Answer 18

speed

Question 19

the distance and object travels over time and the objects direction

Answer 19

velocity

Question 20

accelerationthe change of velocity of an object over time

Answer 20

acceleration

Question 21

the acceleration of a falling object due to gravity in a vacuum

Answer 21

g

Question 22

a property of an object based on the objects mass and velocity

Answer 22

momentum

Question 23

any object thrown/shot through the air

Answer 23

projectile

Question 24

a force between any objects dependent on the mass of the objects. also defined as a downward force on all objects

Answer 24

gravity

Question 25

a push or pull on an object

Answer 25

force

Question 26

is equal in force but opposite directions

Answer 26

balanced forces

Question 27

a force that is greater in one direction

Answer 27

unbalanced forces

Question 28

the sum of all forces acting on an object

Answer 28

net force

Question 29

the force that opposes the motion between two surfaces in contact

Answer 29

friction

Question 30

the resistance of an object to any change in its motion ( frequently talked about with Newtons 1st law of motion)

Answer 30

inertia

Question 31

when an object falls free from air resistance

Answer 31

free fall

Question 32

the measurement of gravitational force on an objects mass

Answer 32

weight

Question 33

a force from the center that makes an object move in a curved or circular path

Answer 33

centripetal force

Question 34

a device used to make work easier

Answer 34

machine

Question 35

the rate at which work is done

Answer 35

power

Question 36

a measure of how much work put into a machine is changed into useful work output by the machine

Answer 36

efficiency

Question 37

a theoretical machine in which the amount of work put into a machine is equal to the amount of work you get out of the machine

Answer 37

ideal machine

Question 38

a machines ability to make work easier by making output force greater than input force

Answer 38

mechanical advantage

Question 39

the energy of an object due to the objects motion

Answer 39

kinetic energy

Question 40

the energy of an object at rest or energy stored by an object

Answer 40

potential energy

Question 41

a unit that measures the energy in food

Answer 41

calorie

Question 42

the total energy of an object, including both kinetic (temperature) and potential(mass)

Answer 42

thermal energy

Question 43

the production or energy from the collisions between the nuclei or atoms

Answer 43

nuclear fusion

Question 44

the production or energy from the splitting of uranium or atoms

Answer 44

nuclear fission

Question 45

energy sources within the earth formed from the decay of plants and animals from millions of years ago

Answer 45

fossil fuels

Question 46

energy resources that can be produced as quickly as they are used

Answer 46

renewable energy resource

Question 47

energy resources that are used up quicker than they can be made

Answer 47

non-renewable energy resources

Question 48

devices that convert light energy to electricity

Answer 48

photovoltaic cells

Question 49

formula for speed

Answer 49

s= d/t

Question 50

formula for acceleration

Answer 50

a= change in velocity / time

Question 51

formula for momentum

Answer 51

p= w x t

Question 52

formula for force

Answer 52

f=m x a

Question 53

formula for weight

Answer 53

w= m x g

Question 54

formula for power

Answer 54

P= w / t

Question 55

formula for work

Answer 55

W= f x d

Question 56

formula for efficiency

Answer 56

Wout / Win x 100

Question 57

formula for mechanical advantage

Answer 57

ma= Fout / Fin

Question 58

SI unit measure of length

Answer 58

meter

Question 59

SI unit measure of mass

Answer 59

gram

Question 60

SI unit measure of volume

Answer 60

kiloliters

Question 61

SI unit measure of density

Answer 61

Kg/m³

Question 62

SI unit measure of time

Answer 62

second/ minute

Question 63

SI unit measure of temperatue

Answer 63

kelvin

Question 64

SI unit measure of speed

Answer 64

m/s

Question 65

SI unit measure of acceleration

Answer 65

m/s² + direction

Question 66

SI unit measure of force

Answer 66

Newton

Question 67

SI unit measure of weight

Answer 67

Newton

Question 68

SI unit measure of work

Answer 68

joules

Question 69

SI unit measure of energy

Answer 69

joules

Question 70

SI unit measure of power

Answer 70

watts

Question 71

law of conservation of energy

Answer 71

energy can neither be created nor destroyed - only converted from one form of energy to another

Question 72

1 inch = ____ cm

Answer 72

2.54 centimeters

Question 73

1 meter = ____ yds

Answer 73

1.09 yards

Question 74

1 mile = ___ km

Answer 74

1.61 kilometers

Question 75

1 oz = ___ g

Answer 75

28.35 grams

Question 76

1 kilogram = ___ lbs

Answer 76

2.2 pounds

Question 77

1 liter = ___ qts

Answer 77

1.06 quarts

Question 78

1 gallon = ____ liters

Answer 78

3.78 liters

Question 79

Newtons 1st law

Answer 79

An object at rest remains at rest, and an object in motion remains in motion at constant speed and in a straight line unless acted on by an unbalanced force

Question 80

Newtons 2nd law

Answer 80

F= m x a

Question 81

Newtons 3rd law

Answer 81

for every action (force) in nature there is an equal and opposite reaction

Question 82

how efficient are photovoltaic cells

Answer 82

15-20 %

Question 83

how efficient is hydroelectric power

Answer 83

70%

Question 84

how efficient are wind turbines

Answer 84

30-45%

Question 85

how efficient is geothermal energy

Answer 85

12-20%

Question 86

how efficient is biomass

Answer 86

20%

Question 87

5 types of renewable energy resources

Answer 87

solar, hydroelectricity, wind, geothermal, biomass

Question 88

what % of energy of the US is using solar

Answer 88

3%

Question 89

what % of energy of the US is using hydroelectric

Answer 89

7.4%