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Grade 9 Science > Science sound and light > Flashcards

Science sound and light Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

what is sound?

A

Sound is a type of energy made by vibrations.

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2
Q

what is a Medium?

A

A medium is a material that moves energy or light from one substance to another or from one surface to another.

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3
Q

what does sound rely on to travel?

A

Mediums

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4
Q

What is a soundwave?

A

Sound waves are vibrations that transmit sound through matter.

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5
Q

What is a compression?

A

its the high density peak of a wave

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6
Q

what is a rarefaction?

A

A low density peak in a soundwave

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7
Q

What is a transverse wave?

A

Transverse waves are waves that travel at right angles to the direction of energy transfer

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8
Q

What is a longitudinal wave?

A

A longitudinal wave is a type of wave that travels in the direction of the medium

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9
Q

What is the frequency of a wave?

A

pitch, the frequency of a wave is the number of vibrations a sound source makes per second,

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10
Q

What is frequency measured in?

A

Hertz, vibrations per second

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11
Q

What is wavelength?

A

The size of the soundwave measured from one peak to the next

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12
Q

What kind of wavelength does a low frequency sound have?

A

A long wavelength

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13
Q

What characteristics does a high frequency soundwave have?

A

Bunched compressions, short wavelength, high pitched sound

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14
Q

what characteristics does a low frequency wave have?

A

Spread out compressions, long wavelength, low pitched sound

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15
Q

what is amplitude?

A

Amplitude is a measurement of the amount of energy
transferred by a wave.

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16
Q

What causes all soundwaves?

A

Vibrations

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17
Q

what quality of sound does the frequency determine?

A

pitch

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18
Q

What will sound do if the particles are closer together?

A

The sound will travel faster

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19
Q

what is the formula for calculating the speed of sound?

A

speed = distance / time

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20
Q

What causes an echo

A

hard surfaces reflecting sound

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21
Q

what are the parts of the human ear

A

outer, middle and inner ear, eardrum, ear canal, inner ear bones, cochlea, auditory nerve

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22
Q

What is the purpose of the ear canal?

A

Directs the sound to the ear drum

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23
Q

what is the purpose of the ear drum?

A

To send vibrations to the inner ear

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24
Q

What is light?

A

Light is a type of electromagnetic radiation that allows the human eye to see or makes objects visible

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25
How does light travel?
Light waves travel out from their source in straight lines called rays, reflecting off objects
26
what is refraction?
the bending of light
27
what is an electromagnetic wave?
waves that are created as a result of vibrations between an electric field and a magnetic field
28
what colours have low frequency?
red, orange, yellow
29
what colours have high frequency?
Blue, indigo, violet
30
what is colour
Reflected light
31
what causes reflection?
Reflection occurs when light traveling through one material bounces off a different material
32
What is transmission of light?
light passes through an object
33
what is absorption of light?
Light is transformed into heat inside an object.
34
what does a smooth surface cause light rays to do?
Reflect in a regular pattern
35
what does a rough surface cause light rays to do?
Reflect light rays in all different directions (diffuse)
36
what is the law of reflection?
It states that when a ray of light reflects off a surface, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
37
what is the bending of light as it passes from one material into another called
refraction
38
what is a concave lens
A lens that is curved inwards and is thinner in the middle
39
what is a convex lens?
A lens that is curved outwards and is thicker in the middle
40
which way does light bend when it slows down while passing from air to water?
towards the normal
41
42
If light is travelling from a less dense to a more dense substance what happens?
The light will bend toward the normal as it slows down
43
what is the normal?
The normal is an imaginary line angled at 90 degrees from the surface
44
what is refraction?
Refraction is the bending of light
45
What is the refractive index?
It is the measure of how easily light travels through different substances
46
If a substance was to have a high refractive index would the substance be dense?
Yes
47
What is the purpose of the snells law?
to calculate the refractive index of a transparent substance.
48
what does the term converge mean?
To spread out
49
what does the term diverge mean?
To come together
50
What is a concave lens
A lens that is curved inwards and thinner in the middle, causing light rays to diverge.
51
What is a transparent substance
Clear or see through
52
what is a translucent substance?
A partially clear substance
53
What does a rough surface do to light?
causes diffuse reflection
54
what is the law of reflection?
That light rays get reflected at right angles.
55
what is diffuse reflection?
When light gets reflected in all different directions by a rough surface.
56
what does luminous mean?
Creates or emits its own light
57
what does transmission of light mean?
Light travelling through a substance
58
what does opaque mean?
light absorbed, not transmitted
59
what is light absorption?
light being absorbed by a substance transferring its energy as heat into the particles in the substance
60
what is the focal point?
where the refracted (bent) light rays cross over.

Grade 9 Science (2 decks)

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