Science study Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is the difference between non-living things and living things?
Living things: Mr Sgren
Non-living things: Anything that isn’t Mr Sgren
Describe what cells are.
Cells are the smallest unit of life, and they are in all living things.
What is the difference between unicellular and multicellular
Unicellular is when there is only one cell in an organism. Multicellular is an organism which has more than one cell.
Identify levels of organization in multicellular organisms
Cells make up tissues, tissues make up organs, and organs make up organ systems.
What are the main types of microscope pieces? (there are 10)
eye piece, revolving nose piece, objective lens, stage, diaphragm, light source, stage clips, fine adjustment knobs, coarse adjustment knobs, base
What is a light microscope?
The light microscope is an instrument for visualizing fine detail of an object.
How to handle and use a microscope.
Do not touch the glass part of the lenses with your fingers. Use only special lens paper to clean the lenses. Always carry a microscope with both hands.
Describe how a specimen’s orientation appears under the microscope.
It is the opposite of what you see. If the bacteria is moving up it means in real life its moving down.
How do you calculate the sizes of very small objects on a microscope?
10(ocular lens) times objective lens (4,10,40)
=times ______mag
Identify the main parts of a plant cell.
Cell membrane, vacuole, chloroplast (3 only on plant cell) nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, ribosome, and cell wall.
What is a function of a cytoplasm?
Cytoplasm allows transportation, maintains the cell’s shape and structure, and it provides protection. (in both)
What is a function of a nucleus
The nucleus is a small egg-shaped structure inside the cell which acts like the brain of the cell. It tells every part of the cell what to do. (in both)
What is a function of a cell membrane
The cell membrane regulates the transport of materials entering and exiting the cell. (only in plant cell)
What is a function of a cell wall
It provides the cell with structural support, shape, protection, and functions as a selective barrier. (in both)
What is a function of a chloroplast
The chloroplast uses light and carbon dioxide to make their food and energy. (only in plant cell)
What is a function of a mitochondrion
produces the energy necessary for the cell’s survival and functioning. (in both)
What is a function of a vacuole
They can store food or other nutrients required by a cell to survive. They also store waste products and prevent the entire cell from contamination. (only in plant cell)
What are specialised cells?
Specialised cells are cells designed to carry out a particular role in the body, such as red blood cells which are designed to carry oxygen.
Explain how the structure of a specialised cell help
If a cell is specialized, it has unique structures that allow it to carry out its function in the body.
Identify where the physical and chemical digestion occurs
Mouth (both), oesophagus (physical), stomach (both), small intestines (both), large intestines (physical), rectum (physical)
Identify the organs of the digestive system. (there’s 7)
Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum
Contrast physical and chemical digestion occur.
Chemical: uses chemicals and enzymes
Physical: use of physical force
What is the function of the mouth?
Your salivary glands make saliva, a digestive juice, which moistens food so it moves more easily through your esophagus into your stomach
What is the function of the oesopagus?
The primary function of the esophagus is to transport food entering the mouth through the throat and into the stomach.
