science study guide cells to organisms

Question 1

Define cell

Answer 1

Smallest living structure of life.

Question 2

How do cells obtain energy and matter?

Answer 2

From the mitochondria and cellular respiration.

Question 3

What organisms are composed of cells?

Answer 3

All of them.

Question 4

Bacteria vs. Virus. What is the difference?

Answer 4

Bacteria are cells, and viruses are in cells.

Question 5

Multicellular vs. unicellular. What is the difference?

Answer 5

Multicellular is many cells, and unicellular is one cell.

Question 6

What organisms are multicellular?

Answer 6

All organisms that are not single-celled.

Question 7

Identify examples of single-celled organisms.

Answer 7

• Paramecium
• Amoeba
• Bacteria
• Some protists.

Question 8

What is the function of cells? Identify at LEAST 2 examples.

Answer 8

• Taking in nutrients
• Removing wastes
• Breaking down nutrients
• Moving materials where needed.

Question 9

What is the germ theory?

Answer 9

The theory that microbes can cause infectious disease.

Question 10

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 10

Protects the inside of the cell and lets stuff in and out of the cell.

Question 11

What is the function of cytoplasm?

Answer 11

Gives the cell structure and keeps all the organelles in place.

Question 12

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 12

Controls the cell.

Question 13

What is the function of the nuclear membrane?

Answer 13

Protects the nucleus.

Question 14

What is the function of the cell wall?

Answer 14

Provides structure to plant cells.

Question 15

What is the function of mitochondria?

Answer 15

Gives the cell energy and is the powerhouse of the cell.

Question 16

What is the function of chloroplast?

Answer 16

Where photosynthesis takes place in plant cells.

Question 17

How are humans and plants alike?

Answer 17

We are both made up of cells.

Question 18

Plants vs. Animals- what is the key difference?

Answer 18

Plants obtain food through cellular respiration and photosynthesis; animals obtain food through cellular respiration only.

Question 19

What is photosynthesis? What is needed for photosynthesis?

Answer 19

Photosynthesis is the act of plants turning water and CO2 into sugars and oxygen.

Question 20

Animal vs. plant vs. bacteria vs. protists? What organelles do they have in common?

Answer 20

• Cell membrane
• Cytoplasm
• Nucleus
• Nuclear membrane
• Mitochondria.

Question 21

Animal vs. plant vs. bacteria vs. protists? What organelles do they not have in common?

Answer 21

• Plant: Chloroplast, Cell wall
• Bacteria: None of the above.

Question 22

Define prokaryote

Answer 22

Single-celled organisms that do not contain a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.

Question 23

Define eukaryote

Answer 23

Organisms whose cells contain a nucleus.

Question 24

Animal vs. plant vs. bacteria vs. protists? Which are prokaryotic and which are eukaryotic?

Answer 24

• Animal: Eukaryotic
• Plant: Eukaryotic
• Bacteria: Prokaryotic
• Protists: Eukaryotic.

Question 25

State the level of organization for the human body (largest to smallest)

Answer 25

* Organism * Organ system * Organ * Tissues * Cells * Organelles.

Question 26

In what ways are organelles unique?

Answer 26

All organelles have different shapes and functions.

Question 27

Protists vs. bacteria. How are they similar? How are they different?

Answer 27

Protists have a nucleus; bacteria don't.

Question 28

What are some examples of protists?

Answer 28

* Paramecium * Amoeba.

Question 29

What are microscopes? Why are they useful?

Answer 29

Microscopes are tools used to look at small things.

Question 30

Using microscopes: What are the pros and cons of using the highest power objective?

Answer 30

* Pro: Can see small stuff * Con: Can become blurry and harder to see.

Question 31

Using microscopes: What are the pros and cons of using the lowest power objective?

Answer 31

* Pro: Can see stuff that is not so small but in detail * Con: Can't see tiny things.

Question 32

What is penicillin? What is it used for?

Answer 32

Penicillin is a medicine.

Question 33

How does digestion work? Why is it important?

Answer 33

Digestion works by breaking down food into the smallest components.

Question 34

Which body system protects you from harmful microbes?

Answer 34

The immune system.

Question 35

What is the definition of Cell?

Answer 35

The smallest structure of life.

Question 36

What is the definition of Cell Theory?

Answer 36

The theory that cells make up all living things.

Question 37

What is the definition of Cellular Respiration?

Answer 37

What cells use to make energy.