Science term 3

Question 1

What are the 7 characteristics of living things

Answer 1

what is MRS GREN
- Movement
- Respiration
- Sensitivity
- Growth
- Reproduction
- Excretion
- Nutrition

Question 2

what is multicellular

Answer 2

organisms that are made from more than one cell ( multi = many )

Question 3

what is unicellular

Answer 3

organisms that are only made up of one cell ( uni = one )

Question 4

what are the five kingdoms

Answer 4

• monera
• protista
• fungi
• plant
• animal

Question 5

what is Monera

Answer 5

includes all the organisms know as bacteria

Question 6

what is protista

Answer 6

most protista live in water

Question 7

what is fungi

Answer 7

• organisms that include microorganisms such as yeasts, moulds and mushrooms
• multicellular

Question 8

what are plants

Answer 8

• multicellular
• they contain chloroplast for photosynthesis
• make their own food
• have a cell wall

Question 9

what are animals

Answer 9

• there are 9 phyla in the animal kingdom
• 8 don’t have backbones ( they are invertebrates )

Question 10

what are vertebrates:

Answer 10

Animals with an internal skeleton (endoskeleton)
e.g cats, humans, birds

Question 11

what are invertebrates:

Answer 11

Animals with an external skeleton (exoskeleton) or no skeleton at all
e.g insects, crabs, slugs

Question 12

what are the 6 phyla of invertebrates

Answer 12

• Arthropods
• Poriferans
• Molluscs
• Cnidarians
• Nematodes, Platyhelminths, and
  Annelids
• Echinoderms

Question 13

What are the 5 classes of phylum vertebrates?

Answer 13

fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals and birds

Question 14

what is a constant body temp

Answer 14

when the outside temp changes the animals body temp stays the same ( constant = endotherm

Question 15

what is it called when something changes with the environment

Answer 15

changes with the environment = ectotherm

Question 16

what are the 5 classes of vertebrates

Answer 16

• Amphibians
• Reptiles
• Birds
• Fish
• Mammals

Question 17

Animals that generate their own heat and maintain a constant internal body temperature are known as

Answer 17

endotherms (endo=in, therm = heat)

Question 18

Endotherms may also be called

Answer 18

homeotherms

Question 19

Animals which do not maintain a constant internal body temperature are called

Answer 19

ectotherms (ecto = out)

Question 20

ectotherms mean

Answer 20

their body temperature varies with
the temperature of the environment they live in – they obtain heat from their surroundings

Question 21

what are the Characteristics of endotherms

Answer 21

Too hot – seek shade, pant, change position, sweat

Too cold – huddle, seek shelter, stop sweating, shiver

Question 22

what are the characteristics of ectotherms

Answer 22

• Ectotherms do not create their own body
• Ectotherms do not need to eat as regularly as endotherms
• Their activity level is depended on their temperature

Question 23

what is Ecology

Answer 23

the study of the way in which organisms interact with other
organisms and with their environment.

Question 24

what is habitat

Answer 24

a place where an organism lives

Question 25

what is population

Answer 25

all the organisms of the same species living in a habitat

Question 26

what is community

Answer 26

all the populations of different species living in a habitat

Question 27

what is Abiotic Factors

Answer 27

all the non-living factors of the environment

Question 28

what is Biotic Factors

Answer 28

all the living factors of the environment

Question 29

what is ecosystem

Answer 29

the interaction of a community of living organisms (biotic) with the non-living (abiotic) parts of their environment

Question 30

what are some biotic factors

Answer 30

- New predators arriving - Prey availability - New pathogens (disease-causing organisms)

Question 31

what is a food web

Answer 31

- A food web shows how all the food chains are linked within an ecosystem

Question 32

what are food chains

Answer 32

- the feeding relationships between different organisms in an ecosystem - Food chains always start with a producer

Question 33

what are apex predators

Answer 33

- top of the chain - are tertiary consumers or higher - a small number of apex predators supported by a greater number of prey

Question 34

what is Interdependence in the Ecosystem

Answer 34

- All organisms in an ecosystem depend upon each other. - Often very small changes to ecosystems have large consequences

Question 35

Producers - autotrophs

Answer 35

- Plants are autotrophs they make their own food using light, carbon dioxide and water. - Plants are the basis of all food chains on

Question 36

how does photosynthesis work

Answer 36

sunlight + carbon dioxide + water photosynthesis Glucose (sugar) + oxygen

Question 37

what are herbivore

Answer 37

- The first consumers in the food chain (they eat the plants) - They are heterotrophs

Question 38

what are carnivores

Answer 38

- Second order (or higher) consumers - Eat other consumers; the herbivores - Obligate carnivores eat meat (other animals) only

Question 39

what is decomposition

Answer 39

- decomposers break down dead or decaying organisms e.g. fungi, soil bacteria, algae - decomposers have a hidden role in the food web. they complete the cycle and return nutrients to the soil to be used by plants

Question 40

what is parasitism ( - / + )

Answer 40

a relationship where one organism benefits and another organism (host) is negatively affected e.g. mosquitoes, leaches, ticks, lice

Question 41

what is commensalism ( + / o )

Answer 41

a relationship where one organism benefits and the other is unaffected e.g. bird + tree, whale +barnacle

Question 42

what is mutualism ( + / + )

Answer 42

a relationship where both organism benefit e.g. whale shark + remora, clownfish + anemones, oxpecker bird + giraffe

Question 43

what are adaptions

Answer 43

Adaptions are inherited characteristics or features of an organism to make it adapt to is environment and increase the chance of it surviving it also gets pasted down generations

Question 44

what is a structural adaptions

Answer 44

a part of an organisms physical body e.g. sharp claws, powerful muscles, long neck, camouflaged fur

Question 45

what are physiological adaptions

Answer 45

an internal process or chemical reaction e.g. silk production, poison/venom, hibernation

Question 46

what are Behavioural adaptions

Answer 46

how an organism acts or behaves (what it does) e.g. stalking prey, mark territory, maternal care

Question 47

what is cellular respiration

Answer 47

oxygen + glucose = carbon dioxide + water + energy