Science Test Flashcards
(19 cards)
The regular name or word people use to describe a particular substance. Examples: salt, rust, baking soda
Common Name
The “official” name of a substance. Examples: sodium chloride, iron oxide, sodium bicarbonate
Chemical Name
The shorthand way of writing the name of a substance using special abbreviations and numbers. Capitalization and placement of numbers matter! Examples: NaCl, Fe2O3, NaHCO3
Chemical Formula
Substances that can’t be broken down into anything simpler.
Element
The list of elements where they are arranged in a particular order. Elements are grouped with elements with similar properties.
Periodic Table
A vertical column of elements in the periodic table. Elements in the same group have similar properties.
Group
A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table.
Period
The abbreviation for each element.
Examples: H, Pb, Ca
These are either one or two letters. The first one is always capitalized and if there is a second one, it is always lowercase.
Chemical Symbol
The official number for each element. The periodic table is arranged with elements’ _____________ going in increasing order from left to right and top to bottom.
Atomic Number
A pure _________ is made from one type of particle.
Substance
An ____ is the smallest particle of an element. A piece of gold is only made from atoms of gold. The smallest amount of an element is one ____.
Atom
Atoms can be combined in different ways and amounts to make new ________ that have different properties than the original elements.
magnesium: soft metal that burns brightly
sulfur: yellow rocky solid that smells like bad eggs
oxygen: invisible odorless gas in the air
But combine them into MgSO4 and you have Epsom Salt
Compound
A ________ is the smallest particle of a compound. They are made of two or more atoms.
Molecule
A process where starting substances (reactants) form new substances (products). Atoms from the reactants are recombined into new combinations to make the products.
Chemical Reaction
______ is anything that has mass and volume.
Matter
The amount of matter that makes up an object. Common units of mass are milligrams (mg), grams (g), and kilograms (kg).
Mass
The measure of gravity pulling on mass.Common units are pounds (lb) and newtons (N).
Weight
The amount of space something takes up. Common units are milliliters (mL), cubic centimeters (cm3 or cc), liters (L), gallons, pints, quarts, and ounces.
Volume
The curve that appears when using a graduated cylinder to measure the volume of a liquid.
Meniscus
