Science test

Question 1

What are the three main points of the cell theory?

Answer 1

• All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.

Question 2

Why are cells small?

Answer 2

To ensure nutrients like sugar can quickly reach the center for survival.

Question 3

What are the two main types of microscopes?

Answer 3

• Light Microscope
• Electron Microscope

Question 4

What is the magnification formula?

Answer 4

Magnification = Eyepiece x Objective Lens

Question 5

What is the field of view (FOV) in microscopy?

Answer 5

The area visible through the microscope.

Question 6

What are organelles?

Answer 6

Structures within cells that perform specific functions.

Question 7

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 7

Holds genetic material (DNA) and controls the cell’s building and operation.

Question 8

What is the function of ribosomes?

Answer 8

Take instructions from DNA and build protein molecules.

Question 9

What distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

Answer 9

Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus and no membrane-bound organelles.

Question 10

True or False: Eukaryotic cells are usually larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What are the main components of blood?

Answer 11

• Platelets
• Red Blood Cells (RBCs)
• White Blood Cells (WBCs)
• Plasma

Question 12

What is the primary role of the circulatory system?

Answer 12

Providing oxygen and nutrients to the body via the blood.

Question 13

What is the structure and function of red blood cells?

Answer 13

Biconcave discs without a nucleus designed to carry oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Question 14

What do chloroplasts do?

Answer 14

Use sunlight to make sugars through photosynthesis.

Question 15

What is the structure of guard cells?

Answer 15

Bean-shaped cells that swell with water to open stomata.

Question 16

What is the function of vacuoles in plant cells?

Answer 16

Storage areas for water, nutrients, and waste.

Question 17

What is the function of plasma in blood?

Answer 17

Allows movement of red and white blood cells and contains nutrients, hormones, and waste particles.

Question 18

How are muscle cells adapted to their function?

Answer 18

Have large numbers of mitochondria to meet energy needs for contraction.

Question 19

What type of cells make up skin tissue?

Answer 19

Flattened cells that cover and protect the body.

Question 20

What is the role of platelets in blood?

Answer 20

Aid in blood clotting.

Question 21

What is a wet mount?

Answer 21

A method to prepare a specimen for microscopic viewing with a drop of water and a coverslip.

Question 22

What are the two main categories of cells?

Answer 22

• Prokaryotes
• Eukaryotes

Question 23

How are capillary beds structured?

Answer 23

Only one cell thick, moist, and good at exchanging substances.

Question 24

What is the function of arteries?

Answer 24

Carry blood under high pressure away from the heart.

Question 25

What type of blood do veins generally carry?

Answer 25

Deoxygenated blood.

Question 26

How thick are capillaries?

Answer 26

Approximately 1 cell thick.

Question 27

What are the four chambers of the heart?

Answer 27

* Left Atrium * Right Atrium * Left Ventricle * Right Ventricle

Question 28

Why is the left side of the heart thicker than the right side?

Answer 28

It pumps blood from the heart to the rest of the body.

Question 29

What separates the left and right sides of the heart?

Answer 29

The septum.

Question 30

What is the function of the heart valves?

Answer 30

To stop the blood from flowing backwards.

Question 31

What is the AV or mitral valve?

Answer 31

A bicuspid valve located between the left atrium and ventricle.

Question 32

Where is the aortic valve located?

Answer 32

Between the left ventricle and the aorta.

Question 33

What is the tricuspid valve?

Answer 33

The AV valve that sits between the right atrium and right ventricle.

Question 34

What is the pulmonary valve?

Answer 34

A semilunar valve that sits between the right ventricle and the pulmonary arteries.

Question 35

What do coronary arteries supply?

Answer 35

Blood and oxygen only to the heart.

Question 36

What is linked with heart disease?

Answer 36

Excess fat around the coronary arteries.

Question 37

What are single-celled organisms?

Answer 37

Living organisms that consist of only one cell.

Question 38

Name an example of a single-celled organism found in pond water.

Answer 38

* Amoeba * Euglena * Paramecium