Science test chapter 21

Question 1

a solution in which the hydroxide-ion concentration is higher than the hydronium-ion concentration

Answer 1

basic solution

Question 2

a measure of the acidity of a solution

Answer 2

pH

Question 3

a solution in which the hydronium-ion concentration is higher than the hydroxide-ion concentration

Answer 3

acidic solution

Question 4

any chemical that donates a hydrogen ion

Answer 4

acid

Question 5

a solution in which the hydronium-ion concentration is equal to the hydroxide-ion concentration

Answer 5

neutral solution

Question 6

the reaction between an acid and a base

Answer 6

neutralization

Question 7

an ionic compound formed from the reaction between an acid and a base

Answer 7

salt

Question 8

any chemical that accepts a hydrogen ion

Answer 8

base

Question 9

the relationship between a water molecule and a hydronium ion

Answer 9

hydronium ion is a water molecule + one hydrogen proton

Question 10

water behaves as

Answer 10

acid and base

Question 11

distilled water has pH of

Answer 11

7

Question 12

is acidic solution less or greater than 7 pH

Answer 12

less

Question 13

is basic solution less or greater than 7 pH

Answer 13

greater

Question 14

carbon dioxide and water

Answer 14

carbonic acid

Question 15

rainwater is _____, ocean water is _____

Answer 15

acidic, basic

Question 16

true/false
strong acids/bases conduct electricity better than weak ones

Answer 16

true

Question 17

true/false
amount of hydronium is higher in acidic solutions

Answer 17

true

Question 18

true/false
amount of hydroxide is higher in acidic solutions

Answer 18

false, hydroxide is higher in basic solutions

Question 19

reaction between acid and base

Answer 19

neutralization

Question 20

coating metals with protective layer of zinc to prevent rust

Answer 20

galvanization

Question 21

true/false
oxygen oxidizes our food to give us our energy

Answer 21

true

Question 21

ability of an atom to pull ions to it

Answer 21

electronegativity

Question 22

elements that are more prone to oxidize are in the ______

Answer 22

top right corner of the table

Question 23

true/false
strong acids/bases conduct electricity better because they have more ions

Answer 23

true

Question 24

true/false weak base is less corrosive than a strong base if the weak is more concentrated and the strong is dilute

Answer 24

false, weak base is MORE corrosive ...

Question 25

pH scale shows

Answer 25

acidity

Question 26

BAAD

Answer 26

bases accept acids donate

Question 27

hydronium

Answer 27

H3O+, accepts proton

Question 28

hydroxide

Answer 28

OH-, donates proton

Question 29

hydrogen ion is a lone ____

Answer 29

proton

Question 30

OH- > H3O+

Answer 30

basic solution

Question 31

H3O+ > OH-

Answer 31

acidic solution

Question 32

rain with pH lower than 5.6

Answer 32

acid rain

Question 33

process of losing electrons

Answer 33

oxidation

Question 34

process of gaining electrons

Answer 34

reduction

Question 35

number that corresponds to the need for an atom to gain/lose electrons

Answer 35

oxidation number

Question 36

agent that causes another reactant to be reduced

Answer 36

reducing agent

Question 37

agent that causes another reactant to be oxidized

Answer 37

oxidizing agent

Question 38

LEO the lion goes GER and ROOR

Answer 38

Loss of Electrons is Oxidation Gain of Electrons is Reduction Reducing agent is Oxidized Oxidizing agent is Reduced

Question 39

relationship between electrical energy and chemical change

Answer 39

electrochemistry

Question 40

battery that converts chemical energy to electrical energy

Answer 40

fuel cell

Question 41

process that converts electrical energy to chemical change

Answer 41

electrolysis

Question 42

metal deteriorates when met with oxygen

Answer 42

corrosion

Question 43

reaction between nonmetal and oxygen

Answer 43

combustion

Question 44

state where the body is shut off at once with the potential to reawaken when conditions are favorable

Answer 44

suspended animation

Question 45

difference between fuel cell and battery

Answer 45

fuel cell will keep running as long as it has fuel but a battery will run out

Question 46

what is used in place of O2 for suspended animation

Answer 46

H2S