Science Test Revision

Question 1

Name a natural satellite

Answer 1

The moon

Question 2

List in order, the planets of the solar system

Answer 2

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

Question 3

Define an Earth year

Answer 3

Time for the Earth to orbit the sun, 365.25 days

Question 4

Explain how day and night occurs

Answer 4

The Earth turns on its axis, day is when the part of the Earth is facing the sun and night is when it’s not

Question 5

Why do we have seasons?

Answer 5

The Earth is tilted on its axis

Question 6

State the 4 main phases of the moon

Answer 6

Full, crescent, quarter, gibbous

Question 7

What’s a solar and a lunar eclipse?

Answer 7

Solar - When the moon is in front of the sun

Lunar- When the moon is behind the earth and the earth is in front of the sun

Question 8

What is a constellation?

Answer 8

A group of stars

Question 9

How long does it take the earth to spin once on its axis?

Answer 9

24 hours

Question 10

How long does it take for the moon to orbit the Earth?

Answer 10

28 days

Question 11

Define weight

Answer 11

Weight is the force of gravity on an object and is measured in Newton’s

Question 12

What units are mass measured in science

Answer 12

Kilograms (kg)

Question 13

What units are weight measured in science?

Answer 13

Newton’s (N)

Question 14

Define gravity

Answer 14

An attractive non - contact force between 2 objects with mass

Question 15

Explain the difference between the light from the moon and the light from the sun

Answer 15

The sun is a luminous object and is a source of light. The moon is a non - luminous object an reflects the light from the sun, it is not a source of light.

Question 16

What is the MMR vaccine used to protect against?

Answer 16

Measles, Mumps and Rubella

Question 17

What is a medicinal drug?

Answer 17

It’s legal

Medicinal drugs are used to treat illness or pain

Question 18

What is a recreational drug?

Answer 18

Are sometimes illegal but not always

Used because people like the affect it has on the body

Question 19

Explain 5 ways the body protects itself from invading pathogens

Answer 19

Skin - Act as a physical barrier
Eyes - Produces tears that contain enzymes that kill bacteria
Throat/Airways - traps pathogens in mucus
Stomach - Strong acid kills any pathogens swallowed
Nose - hairs trap invading pathogens

Question 20

How sedimentary rocks are formed by erosion and transportation order:
Compaction, Erosion, Deposition, Cementation, Transportation

Answer 20

Erosion, Transportation, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation

Question 21

What types of weathering does freeze - thaw, acid rain and animal and plants come under?

Answer 21

Freeze - thaw = Physical
Acid rain = Chemical
Animals and plants = Biological

Question 22

Properties of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks:

Answer 22

Igneous rock - Hard crystalline, non - porous with no fossils

Sedimentary - Layers of porous rock with some fossils, non - interlocking grains e.g. shale, coal, limestone

Metamorphic - Inter - locking crystals, dense and heavy, rarely any fossils, non - porous e.g. slate, quartzite, marble

Question 23

What is a finite source:

Answer 23

Something that can only be used once and is limited supply

Question 24

Carbon dioxide was the main gas (95%) in the early atmosphere - how did it reduce?

Answer 24

It dissolved in oceans and was locked up in rocks and fossil fuels
Evolution of plants took it in for photosynthesis

Question 25

What does carbon dioxide contribute to?

Answer 25

Global warming (it’s a greenhouse gas)

Question 26

Name 2 ways that carbon dioxide is removed and returned to the atmosphere

Answer 26

Returned - Respiration, Combustion | Removed - Photosynthesis, absorbed in oceans, trapped in rocks and fuels

Question 27

Equations for photosynthesis, respiration and combustion

Answer 27

Photosynthesis - carbon dioxide + water —> glucose + oxygen Respiration - glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water + energy Combustion - fuel + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water

Question 28

Explain the rock cycle

Answer 28

Magma cools then becomes igneous rock, which then because of weathering and erosion, transportation and deposition, Cementation and compaction, it turns into sedimentary rock, then because of heat and pressure, it turns into metamorphic rock, then it melts again and it repeats.

Question 29

Why can we see white and black objects?

Answer 29

White objects reflect all the colours of the spectrum, on the other hand black objects absorb all the colours.

Question 30

Why do we see red objects?

Answer 30

We can see red objects because the object absorbs all the colours of the spectrum except red and then reflects red light.

Question 31

What does translucent mean?

Answer 31

Objects that allow some light to pass through them

Question 32

What does transparent mean?

Answer 32

Objects that allow light to pass through them

Question 33

Name 2 types of waves

Answer 33

Transverse and longitudinal

Question 34

What do waves transfer?

Answer 34

Energy

Question 35

In transverse waves which way are the vibrations?

Answer 35

Perpendicular (at right angles) to the direction the waves transfer energy

Question 36

What is a medium?

Answer 36

Material that waves travel in

Question 37

Give 2 examples of transverse waves

Answer 37

X-rays, light, surface water ripples, radio

Question 38

Give 2 examples of longitudinal waves

Answer 38

Seismic, sound, stretched spring, ultrasound

Question 39

What is the dotted line drawn at a 90 degree angle to a plane mirror on a ray diagram called?

Answer 39

Normal

Question 40

Why can sound not be heard in a vacuum?

Answer 40

There are no particles to vibrate.

Question 41

What is the law of reflection?

Answer 41

Angle of incidence = angle of reflection

Question 42

What are the definitions and units of amplitude, wavelength and frequency?

Answer 42

Amplitude - The height of the peak from the central line (cm or m) Wavelength - The distance from peak to peak (1 wave to the next) (cm or m) Frequency - The number of complete waves per second, (Hertz or Hz)

Question 43

Describe what happens to sound when the amplitude is increased

Answer 43

Gets louder

Question 44

Describe what happens to a sound when the wavelength is increased

Answer 44

Gets lower

Question 45

Which wave travels quickest? | Light, Sound or Water?

Answer 45

Light

Question 46

Why does light refract?

Answer 46

Speed changes (slows down or speeds up) when it enters a different medium

Question 47

When light enters a glass block from the air which way does the light bend?

Answer 47

Towards the normal

Question 48

State the 2 types of lenses

Answer 48

Concave and convex