Science Test T2 2024

Question 1

What materials are required for Respiration?

Answer 1

Glucose and oxygen

Question 2

What is the purpose of the digestive System?

Answer 2

To break down Nutrients small enough for the body to absorb and use for energy, growth and cell repair

Question 3

Why is digestion necessary before absorbtion?

Answer 3

So that it breaks it down to be absorbed into the bloodstream

Question 4

Mechanical VS Chemical digestion

Answer 4

Mechanical is when the food is broken down physically. Chemical is when it uses acids to break down the food.

Question 5

Mouth Function

Answer 5

Take in food and mush it into a ball, mix in amylase from salivary glands to break down carbohydrates and starch.

Question 6

Oesophagus Function

Answer 6

The tube that Sends food down into the stomach

Question 7

Stomach Function

Answer 7

Breaks down food into a liquid and produces pepsin to break down proteins

Question 8

Liver

Answer 8

Produces Bile and reduces toxins and regulates body metabolism

Question 9

Gallbladder

Answer 9

Stores bile

Question 10

Pancreas

Answer 10

Produces Lipase which absorbs fat into cells

Question 11

Small intestine

Answer 11

Breaks down food further using Lipase and Bile to absorb nutrients into the blood and moves waste to large intestine

Question 12

Large intestine

Answer 12

Squeezes waste and sends the remaining nutrients to the blood and sends the waste to the rectum

Question 13

Rectum

Answer 13

The holding area for the waste

Question 14

Anus

Answer 14

The exit for waste

Question 15

Purpose of the respiratory system

Answer 15

Moves fresh air into the body while removing the waste air

Question 16

Nose

Answer 16

Takes in air and filters it with its hairs

Question 17

Trachea

Answer 17

Takes air from the nose and moves it into bronchi

Question 18

Bronchus

Answer 18

Moves air from the trachea to the bronchiole

Question 19

Bronchiole

Answer 19

Moves air into the Alveoli

Question 20

Alveoli

Answer 20

Takes in oxygen from the air and puts it into the blood and takes out carbon dioxide and puts it back through the respiratory system.

Question 21

Diaphragm

Answer 21

The muscle that helps you breath in and out. Contracts when inhale occurs, relaxes when exhale occurs.

Question 22

Intercostal Muscles

Answer 22

Help expand and contract the chest

Question 23

Adaptations of the Alveoli

Answer 23

thin 1 cell thick walls (thin) for easy diffusion, Large surface area for maximised diffusion and close to capillaries for easy diffusion.

Question 24

The Mechanism of breathing: inhalation

Answer 24

When inhaled, the intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract, the volume in the chest increases and the pressure in the chest decreases meaning air gets sucked into the lumgs

Question 25

The Mechanism of breathing: exhalation

Answer 25

Intercostal muscles and diaphragm relax, volume in chest decreases, pressure in chest increases, air is sucked out

Question 26

Purpose of the circulatory sysetm

Answer 26

Takes oxygen and nutrients to cells and removes waste

Question 27

Blood Vessels

Answer 27

Move oxygenated blood to cells and remove carbon dioxide

Question 28

Heart

Answer 28

Move move unoxygenated blood to the lungs and move oxygenated blood from the lungs to cells around the body.

Question 29

Arteries Vs Veins Vs Capillaries

Answer 29

Arteries have thick walls to handle high-pressure oxygenated blood away from the heart, Veins have thinner walls for low-pressure blood to go to the heart, capileries have 1-cell thick walls for easy diffusion in the lungs.

Question 30

Valves

Answer 30

Valves when pressure is applied, open and when pressure is decreased, close

Question 31

Waste and nutrient exchange

Answer 31

Oxygen enters from the alveoli to high concentration into the capillaries. Carbon dioxide then exits the capillaries.

Question 32

Role of the Excretion System

Answer 32

Removes waste products from the body

Question 33

Kidney

Answer 33

Remove waste from blood and produce urine

Question 34

Ureter

Answer 34

The tube where urine travels down to the bladder

Question 35

Bladder

Answer 35

Stores urine until its time to release it

Question 36

Urethra

Answer 36

Where urine is released

Question 37

What is Excretion

Answer 37

elimination of waste products from the body

Question 38

Lungs and liver in excretion

Answer 38

Lungs remove carbon dioxide, liver removes toxins

Question 39

Types of synovial joints

Answer 39

Hinge, Ball and socket, Pivurt

Question 40

Agnostic pairs

Answer 40

Muscles on big bones work in agnostic (opposite pairs) like biceps bend the elbow and triceps straighten