Science U1 L5 Homeostasis & Cell Processes

Question 1

what does the word part photo mean?

Answer 1

light

Question 2

what does the word part synthesis mean?

Answer 2

to make

Question 3

Homeostasis

Answer 3

the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment

Question 4

What are the four things that cells can do to maintain homeostasis?

Answer 4

1. obtain & use energy
2. make new cells
3. exchange materials
4. eliminate wastes

Question 5

Describe one way that unicellular organisms can maintain homeostasis.

Answer 5

the cell membrane and other parts of the cell regulate what materials get into and out of the cell.

Question 6

How do the multicellular organisms differ in the way that they must maintain homeostasis?

Answer 6

the cells must work together to maintain homeostasis for the entire organisms

Question 7

Give an example of how multicellular organisms work together to maintain homeostasis.

Answer 7

Cardiovascular system (heart, blood vessels, blood) or
plants have two types of vascular tissue that work together to transport system  (Xylem & phloem)

Question 8

Xylem

Answer 8

tissue that transports water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant

Question 9

Phloem

Answer 9

transports food made within plant cells

Question 10

What do cells need in order to perform cell functions?

Answer 10

energy

Question 11

The process in which plants, algae and some bacteria make their own food is called what?

Answer 11

photosynthesis

Question 12

Where does photosynthesis take place in the cell?

Answer 12

chloroplasts

Question 13

the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food is called what?

Answer 13

cellular respiration

Question 14

plants, animals, and most other organisms use what to get energy from food?

Answer 14

cellular respiration

Question 15

Nearly all oxygen around us is made by what?

Answer 15

photosynthesis

Question 16

Cellular respiration produces which two byproducts?

Answer 16

oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 17

How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration linked?

Answer 17

Oxygen is made by photosynthesis and animals & plants use oxygen during cel resp to break down food. CO2 is also produced by photosynthesis and is used in cel resp to make sugars

Question 18

__(a)__ + CO2 =(with sunlight) __(b)__ + oxygen

(c) what is the name of this process?

Answer 18

a-water
b-sugar
c-photosynthesis

Question 19

sugar + __(a)__ = water + __(b)__ + energy

(c) what is the name of this process?

Answer 19

a-oxygen
b-CO2
c-cellular respiration

Question 20

water + (a) =(with sunlight) sugar + (b)

(c) what is the name of this process?

Answer 20

a-CO2
b-oxygen
c-photosynthesis

Question 21

__(a)__ + oxygen = __(b)__ + CO2 + __(c)__

(d) what is the name of this process?

Answer 21

a- sugar
b- water
c- energy
d-cellular respiration

Question 22

Describe the process of cell division in eukaryotes

Answer 22

1. DNA is packaged up into chromosomes
2. equal numbers of chromosomes are separated
3. nucleus splits to form two identical nuclei (mitosis)
4. the rest of the cell divides

Question 23

how do new cells in plants form?

Answer 23

a cell pate forms and the cell splits into two cells

Question 24

how do new animal cells in animals form?

Answer 24

the cell membrane pinches inward through the cell to form two new cells

Question 25

the exchange of materials between a cell and its environment takes place where?

Answer 25

cell membrane

Question 26

what characteristic of the cell membrane allows only certain particles to cross into our out of the cell?

Answer 26

semi-permeable

Question 27

in eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes

Answer 27

mitosis

Question 28

the movement of particles across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell

Answer 28

passive transport

Question 29

the movement of molecules from high concentrations to low concentrations

Answer 29

diffusion

Question 30

The diffusion of water through a semi permeable membrane

Answer 30

osmosis

Question 31

diffusion

Answer 31

the movement of molecules from high concentrations to low concentrations

Question 32

passive transport

Answer 32

the movement of particles across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell

Question 33

osmosis

Answer 33

The diffusion of water through a semi permeable membrane

Question 34

Does it usually require energy for something to move from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration

Answer 34

no

Question 35

Does it typically require energy for materials to move from areas of low concentration to higher concentration?

Answer 35

yes

Question 36

the movement of particles against a concentration gradient

Answer 36

Active transport

Question 37

Some large particle that do not fit through the protein channels may require active transport across cell membranes by a process called _______ & _______.

Answer 37

endocytosis & exocytosis

Question 38

endocytosis

Answer 38

process by which a cell uses energy to surround a particle and enclose the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell

Question 39

Vesicles

Answer 39

sacs formed from pieces of the cell membranes

Question 40

exocytosis

Answer 40

when particles are enclosed in a vesicle and released from a cell (opposite of endocytosis)

Question 41

Food is made during __(a)__. Energy is produced from food during __(b)__.

Answer 41

a-photosynthesis | b-cellular respiration

Question 42

_______ uses energy to release particles from a cell

Answer 42

Active transport

Question 43

the change in leaf color on trees is one way the trees can maintain _____?

Answer 43

homeostasis (the leaved drop off so that the branches can retain more water, chlorophyll breaks down close to autumn

Question 44

Hod do you think the change in chlorophyll levels is a response to changes in the length of day from summer to fall?

Answer 44

The days in the summer are longer than the days in the fall. In the summer they get more pigments because of more energy.