Science - Unit 1 - Scientific Inquiry and Atoms Flashcards
(17 cards)
Is the charge of the nucleus of an atom positive, negative or neutral? Why?
Positive
because protons are positive and neutrons are neutral the total charge of the nucleus is positive.
What are the vertical columns called on the periodic table and what characteristics does a column share?
Groups or families
all elements in the column have the same number of valence electrons and react similarly.
What are the horizontal rows called on the periodic table and what characteristics does a row share?
Periods
They indicate the number of shells in the atomic structure of the atom.
Most of the elements in the periodic table are classified as ___________.(metals, nonmetals, or metalloids)
Elements in the first group have one outer electron and are extremely reactive. They are called _________ ______.
Alkali Metals
Elements in group 18 are very unreactive, they are said to be inert. They are called ______ _______.
Noble Gases
Most of the mass of an atom is made up of which two particles?
Neutrons and Protons
Most of the volume of an atom is made up of ____?
Empty Space
Where are the protons located in an atom? Neutrons? Electrons?
- Protons and Neutrons in the nucleus.
- Electrons are outside of the nucleus in the large electron cloud.
Is it possible for an atom of Nitrogen to have more than 7 protons? Explain your answer.
No – Protons are not involved in bonding and can not be lost or gained.
How are all atoms of iron different from the atoms of all other elements?
Only Iron atoms have 26 protons
Compare an ion to an atom.
Atoms have the same number protons and electrons. Ions have lost or gained electrons.
How many electrons will the fill the following?
1st shell _____ 2nd shell _____ 3rd shell _____
- 1st shell 2
- 2nd shell 8
- 3rd shell 8
What is the difference between atomic mass and atomic number?
- Atomic Mass is the number of protons and neutrons added together.
- The atomic number is the number of protons.
How many protons and electrons are in a calcium (Ca2+) ion?
- Protons – 20
- Electrons - 18
Neutral oxygen atoms are very reactive. They become stable when they have a 2- charge.
What would have to happen to give a neutral oxygen atom a 2- charge?
Oxygen must gain two electrons
- Read the following experiment and then list the independent and dependent variable.
A researcher is studying the effect of sleep on aggression, thinking that less sleep will lead to more aggression. She has some people sleep 6 hours per night, some people sleep 3 hours per night and some people sleep as much as they want. She then monitors aggressive behavior during basketball games among participants.
IV ____________________
DV ____________________
IV – Hours of Sleep
DV - Aggressive Behavior during the Game
