SCIENCE UNIT TEST VOCAB

Question 1

non mechanical system

Answer 1

Procedure or process designed to perform a task along with the people involved.

Question 2

component

Answer 2

part of a system

Question 3

consumer

Answer 3

: individual who uses the goods or services provided by a system

Question 4

productivity

Answer 4

amount of output that is produced per unit of time

Question 5

automated system

Answer 5

replacement of human workers with machines that are controlled by a computer.

Question 6

criteria

Answer 6

standard rule or est on which a decision or judgment can be made

Question 7

quantitative assesement

Answer 7

analysis of numerical data

Question 8

qualitative

Answer 8

analysis made by observation

Question 9

mechanism

Answer 9

combination of simple machines working together to perform a specific function

Question 10

simple machine

Answer 10

machine that requires the application of a single force to do work

Question 11

lever

Answer 11

simple machine that is made up of a rigid bar supported at one point, the fulcrum

Question 12

pulley

Answer 12

simple machine consisting of a grooved wheel with a rope or cable looped around it. Can change the direction of the force or increase the output force, depending on whether it’s fixed or movable.

Question 13

inclined plane

Answer 13

simple machine consisting of a sloping surface on which an object can move

Question 14

screw

Answer 14

simple machine consisting of an inclined plane wrapped around à rod.

Question 15

wedge

Answer 15

simple machine consisting of an inclined plane that travels through an object or material.

Question 16

wheel and axle

Answer 16

Simple machine consisting of a shaft or axle that is attached to à larger disk called the wheel.

Question 17

efficiency

Answer 17

Measurement of the useful work done by a machine compared to the work needed to operate the machine.

Question 18

system

Answer 18

Group of individual parts or procedures that work together as a complex whole to accomplish a desired task

Question 19

force

Answer 19

Push or pull that acts on an object ; measured in newtons

Question 20

mechanical system

Answer 20

Group of physical parts that interact with each other and function as à whole in order to complete à task

Question 21

contact force

Answer 21

Force that acts between objects that are touching

Question 22

action at a distance force

Answer 22

Force that can push or pull an object without touching it. Also called a non-contact force.

Question 23

gravity

Answer 23

Force of attraction between two objects because of their mass.

Question 24

weight

Answer 24

Amount of force on an object due to gravity

Question 25

mass

Answer 25

Amount of matter in an object.

Question 26

spring scale

Answer 26

Most common force meter. Consists of à spring with à hook on the end. As more force is applied to the hook, the spring stretches farther

Question 27

work

Answer 27

Amount of effort expended when à force causes an object to move à distance and energy is transferred

Question 28

energy

Answer 28

ability to do work

Question 29

gravitational potential energy

Answer 29

potential energy of an object that is able to fall

Question 30

IMA

Answer 30

mechanical advantage of a machine that has no friction

Question 31

machine

Answer 31

any mechanical system that reduces the force required to accomplish work Kinetic energy : energy of an object in motion

Question 32

mechanical system

Answer 32

group of physical parts that interact with each other and function as a whole in order to complete a task

Question 33

mechanism

Answer 33

combination of simple machines working together to perform a specific function

Question 34

non mechanical system

Answer 34

procedure or process designed to perform a task along with the people involved

Question 35

output force

Answer 35

force that a machine applies to an object;symbolized by F OUl

Question 36

potential energy

Answer 36

energy that is stored

Question 37

pressure

Answer 37

amount of force applied to a given area

Question 38

system

Answer 38

: group of individual parts or procedures that work together as a complex whole to accomplish à desired task

Question 39

useful output force

Answer 39

work that a machine is designed to perform

Question 40

weight

Answer 40

amount of force on an object due to gravity