Sciences Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is the geosphere?
It’s the rock structure of the earth 🌍
What parts does the geosphere have?
The crust: thinnest outermost layer, the mantle: largest, most heavy layer and it contains magma ( rock fluid) amd the core:innermost densest layer
What is a mineral?
It’s a substance with the following characteristics: solid, natural (not man-made),abiotic origin, homogeneous, defined chemical composition and crystalline structure
Which are the 4 property’s of minerals?
Optical(response to light):colour and streak lustre, transparency, birefigence,fluorescence.
Mechanical(response to external forces):hardness(mohs scale),brittleness,plasticity, elasticity, cleavage, fracture.
Physical:magnetism, electrical, conductivity, density
Chemical:reactivity with acids, solubility
How do minerals form?
Minerals firm by crystallization the process by which the particles,of a mineral arrange themselves in crystalline structure
Which is the classification of minerals according to their origin?
IGNEOUS : formed by magma, SEDIMENTARY: formed on the earth’s surface form substances dissolved in water. When they precipitate they form crystalline structures METAMORPHIC: formed from the transformation of other minerals.
Classification of minerals according to their chemical composition:
SILICATES:they contain silicone and oxygen. Most minerals are silicates. NONSILICATES: they don’t contain silicone
What are rocks?
Rocks are natural aggregates of one or more types if minerals.
Some rock properties depending on their minerals components and their process of formation:
Internal geological process(ingenious and metamorphic rocks)
External geological process (sedimentary rocks)
Which are their characteristics (colour and texture) tell us about their origin and composition
Size
Shape
Pattern
Types of rocks:
IGNEOUS: Formed by magma,platonic or intrusive(slow cooling)
SEDIMENTARY:Formed on the earth’s surface form substances dissolved in water. When they precipitate they form crystalline structures
METAMORPHIC:formed from the transformation of others rocks. There structure changes d7e to high temperature and pressure, foliated (layers) non-foliated (no layers)
What is the rock cycle?
It’s a cycle that rocks rocks which thy are continuously forming, transforming, and being destroyed through a cycle that takes millions of year.
How can they form or transform?
Thay an ge formed by magma or through the accumulation of sediments. Rocks can also transform into other rocks due to the effects of pressure.Erossion and melting can destroy rocks
