sciences

Question 1

which of the following describes the primary function of the respiratory system?

Answer 1

to take oxygen into the body while removing carbon dioxide.

Question 2

which of the following is the first step of the scientific method?

Answer 2

make observation

Question 3

the process of organisms with an advantageous trait surviving more often and producing more offspring than organisms without the advantage traits describes which of the following basic mechanisms of evolution?

Answer 3

natural selection

Question 4

which of the following is the group of basophils that produces follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)?

Answer 4

gonadotrophs

Question 5

which of the following are considered the basic units of the female reproductive system, each containing a single immature egg cell that is released during ovulation?

Answer 5

follicles

Question 6

which of the following describes the muscular organ that processes food material into increasingly smaller pieces, mixes it with saliva to create a bolus, and creates a barrier to transport food into the esophagus?

Answer 6

tounge

Question 7

which of the following chambers of the heart receives blood returning from the lungs during pulmonary circulation?

Answer 7

left atrium

Question 8

which of the following is the lobe in the cerebral cortex primarily responsible for processing and integrating sensory information received from the rest of the body?

Answer 8

parietal lobe

Question 9

which of the following is an example of adaptive, or specific, immunity?

Answer 9

humoral

Question 10

which of the following describes a situation in which research results are consistent with every subsequent experiment, but the test used in the experiment does not measure what it claims to measure?

Answer 10

reliable, but not valid

Question 11

which of the following Mendellian laws describe how pairs of alleles within genes separate and recombine separately from other genes?

Answer 11

law of independent assortment

Question 12

which of the following describes how atomic radius varies across the periodic table?

Answer 12

atomic radius increase from top to bottom and right to left on the periodic table.

Question 13

which of the following is NOT a tissue layer found in skeletal bone?

Answer 13

enamel

Question 14

which of the following sets of valves is primarily responsible for preventing blood flow from major blood vessels to the heart?

Answer 14

semilunar valves

Question 15

bone is composed primarily of which of the following inorganic materials?

Answer 15

calcium

Question 16

which of the following is the primary physical barrier the body uses to prevent infection?

Answer 16

skin

Question 17

which of the following is the connective area where nerve impulses send neurotransmitter across a synapse to a muscle contraction?

Answer 17

neuromuscular junction

Question 18

which of the following istheregion of the brain that controls and regulates autonomic functions such as respiration, digestion, and heart rate?

Answer 18

medulla oblongata

Question 19

which of the following describes the primary function of the pyloric sphincter?

Answer 19

to regulate the movement of digested food material from the stomach to the duodenum

Question 20

which of the following is the location of fertilization in the female?

Answer 20

fallopian tubes

Question 21

the pineal glands is located in which of the following areas in the body?

Answer 21

at the center of the brain hemispheres

Question 22

which of the following processes aids scientists in observing a population sample in order to answer questions about the whole population?

Answer 22

inferential statistics

Question 23

which of the following biological macromolecules is non-soluble, composed of hydrocarbons, and acts as an important source of energy storage for the body?

Answer 23

lipids

Question 24

which of the following is specialized tissue in the right atrium that acts as the heart’s natural pacemaker by generating the electrical signal for the heartbeat?

Answer 24

sinoatrial node

Question 25

which of the following is a dense, interconnected mass of nerve cells located outside of the central nervous system?

Answer 25

ganglion

Question 26

which of the following is the primary cell found in the tract of the small intestine?

Answer 26

surface absorptive cells

Question 27

which of the following describes the general function of cytokines in the immune system?

Answer 27

they communicate between cells to instigate an immune response.

Question 28

which of the following describes the path through which air moves during inhalation?

Answer 28

mouth/nose > pharynx >larynx >trachea > bronchi > bronchioles > alveoli

Question 29

which of the following is not a function of the progesterone on the female reproductive system?

Answer 29

expression of secondary sexual characteristic, such as enlarged breast.

Question 30

which of the following layers if the skin acts as an energy reserve by storing adipocytes and releasing them into circulation when energy is needed?

Answer 30

hypodermis

Question 31

neurotransmitter send chemical messages across the gap between one neuron and another in which of the following structures?

Answer 31

synapse

Question 32

Hund's rule states witch of the following?

Answer 32

electrons fill orbitals singly and with similar spin before pairing

Question 33

which of the following is the primary function of the large intestine?

Answer 33

absorbing water and compacting material into solid waste

Question 34

which of the following is a type of white blood cells that plays a key role in adaptive immunity by seeking out, attacking, and destroying targeted pathogens?

Answer 34

T cells

Question 35

which of the following are the blood vessels that transport blood to the heart?

Answer 35

veins

Question 36

which of the following cells organelles are the site of lipids synthesis?

Answer 36

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 37

which of the following describe a series of measurements that produces exact results on a consistent basis?

Answer 37

precise

Question 38

chromatids divide into identical chromosomes and migrates to opposite ends of the cell in which of the following phases of mitosis?

Answer 38

anaphase

Question 39

a series of muscle contraction that transports food down the digestive tract in a wave- like fashion describes which of the following?

Answer 39

peristalsis

Question 40

which of the following is NOT a function of the liver

Answer 40

insulin production and blood sugar

Question 41

which of the following are regions of the digestive system in which amylase is produced?

Answer 41

pancreas and salivary glands

Question 42

which of the following describes a cells reaction to being placed in a hypertonic solution

Answer 42

the cell shrinks as water is pulled out of the cell to equalize the concentrations inside and outside of the cell

Question 43

which of the following are the two major zones of the respiratory system

Answer 43

conducting and respiratory

Question 44

which of the following is not one of the major tissue layers of the alimenttary canal

Answer 44

duodenum

Question 45

which of the following distinguishes the isotopes of an element

Answer 45

isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons

Question 46

which of the following is the cartilaginous flap that protects the larynx from water or food while still allowing the flow of air

Answer 46

epigottis

Question 47

which of the following describes the function of the fascia in muscle tissue

Answer 47

to enclose, protect, support, and separate muscle tissue

Question 48

which of the following correctly describes a strong acid

Answer 48

a strong acid completely ionizes in water

Question 49

the process by which blood circulates oxygen from the lungs to the bodys tissues is an example of which of the following

Answer 49

internal respiration

Question 50

which of the following is the material that is secreted into hair follicles to waterproof and lubricate the skin

Answer 50

sebum

Question 51

which of the following are the connective tissues that attach bone to bone and help strengthen joints

Answer 51

ligaments

Question 52

which of the following is NOT a nucleobase of DNA

Answer 52

uracil

Question 53

which of the following materials is the primary structure protein of the epidermis, nail, and skin

Answer 53

keratin

Question 54

which of the following correctly describes atomic number

Answer 54

the atomic number is the number of protons in a atom

Question 55

which of the following is a descriptive, generalized body of scientific observations

Answer 55

law

Question 56

which of the following types of cells are the main transporters of oxygen through the body

Answer 56

red blood cells

Question 57

which of the following is the general term for chemical substance that the body produces and transports through the blood to stimulate a cellular response

Answer 57

hormones

Question 58

which of the following is NOT a function of hair

Answer 58

protecting soft tissue from injury

Question 59

which of the following is NOT one of the functions of proteins found in the phospholipid bilyer of a cell membrane

Answer 59

to break down material that enters through the cell membrane

Question 60

which of the following is the muscular action that moves a part of the body away from its median plane

Answer 60

abduction

Question 61

which of the following does NOT distinguish quantitative data collection from qualitative data collection methods

Answer 61

qualitative methods do not need to be valid or reliable as quantitative methods

Question 62

which of the following is an example of a birthmark, caused by an increased volume of capillaries close to the surface of the skin

Answer 62

vascular nevis

Question 63

which of the following correctly describes the valence shell of an atom

Answer 63

the valence shell is the outermost- occupied electron orbital energy level

Question 64

which of the following describes how skeletal muscles and bones work together to stimulate movement

Answer 64

muscles contract and exert forces on the bone, which acts as a lever to stimulate movement

Question 65

which of the following describes the correct order of stage of the cell cycle

Answer 65

interphase> mitosis>cytokinesis

Question 66

which of the following occurs due to a hypersensitivity in the immmune system that causes a major inflammatory response to a common material

Answer 66

allergies

Question 67

which of the following is one of the primary muscles that drives ventilation

Answer 67

diaphragm

Question 68

white blood cells develop from stem cells located in which of the following organs

Answer 68

bone marrow

Question 69

which of the following describes a gene in which one allele takes a different form from another

Answer 69

heterozygous

Question 70

which of the following molecules have london dispersion forces

Answer 70

all atoms and molecules have london dispersion forces

Question 71

which of the following are the two proteins found in muscle tissue that cause muscle contraction as they slide past one another

Answer 71

actin and myosin

Question 72

which of the following is NOT s hormone-producing gland of the endocrine system

Answer 72

steroid

Question 73

which of the following is the process in which pathogens are eaten or obsorbed and digested by white blood cells as part of an immune response

Answer 73

phagocytosis

Question 74

which of the following describe the relationship between correlation and causation

Answer 74

correlation does not imply causation

Question 75

the exchange of gases and blood happens in which of the following parts of the respiratory zones

Answer 75

alveoli

Question 76

which of the following glands provides nourishment for sperm, as well as the majority of the fluids that combines with sperm to form semen

Answer 76

seminal vesicles

Question 77

which of the following is the largest branch of the abdominal aorta, which supplies oxygenated blood to the upper digestive tract

Answer 77

celiac artery

Question 78

which of the following is NOT a phase of spermatogenesis, or the final stage of sperm formation

Answer 78

fertilization

Question 79

blood is metabolized in the liver as is passes through which of the following types of blood vessels

Answer 79

sinusoidal capillaries

Question 80

which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture

Answer 80

a mixture in which the atoms or molecules are distributed unevenly

Question 81

hormones can be classified into one of four basic groups based on their chemical source. which of the following groups is derived from cholesterol

Answer 81

steroids

Question 82

which of the following is a definition of adaptation, in the context of evolution

Answer 82

a biological feature or behavior in a population of organisms that improves its chances for survival in the environment

Question 83

which of the following is the element of blood that comprises most of its total volume

Answer 83

plasma

Question 84

which of the following is NOT true for enzyme-catalyzed reactions

Answer 84

the reaction will speed up without limit as the temperature increases

Question 85

which of the following is the molecule found in red blood cells that binds to up to four oxygen molecules

Answer 85

hemoglobin

Question 86

which of the following is NOT a reason why randomization is critical in experimental designs, especially in experiments with human subjects

Answer 86

to give humans no choice but to participate

Question 87

which of the following is the division of the nervous system primarily responsible for regulating all involuntary and subconscious muscle functions

Answer 87

autonomic nervous system

Question 88

which of the following is an appendage of neuron that sends electrical signals away from the neuron cell

Answer 88

axon

Question 89

which of the following is the definition of action potential in a neuron

Answer 89

an electrical impulse that is transported down a neuron in response to a stimulus

Question 90

which of the following are the three major portions of the brain

Answer 90

cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem

Question 91

which of the following describes how a catalyst speeds up a reaction

Answer 91

a catalyst lowers the activation energy by providing an alternate route for the reaction

Question 92

which of the following is the final vessel through which semen must pass before being expelled from the body

Answer 92

penile urethra

Question 93

which of the following groups of bone are part of the axial skeleton

Answer 93

rib cage

Question 94

which of the following types of variables is changed in a scientific experiment

Answer 94

independent variables

Question 95

the vertebral column consists of thirty- three vertebrae and is divided into several group. which of the following describes the lumbar vertebrae

Answer 95

five vertebrae located in the lower back, which support most of the body's weight

Question 96

which of the hypothesis assumes no relationship between two variables

Answer 96

null hypothesis

Question 97

which of the following describes the applicability of a research conclusion to situations outside the experiment

Answer 97

external validity

Question 98

which of the following is NOT one of the three types of muscles found in the human body

Answer 98

soft

Question 99

which of the following is the structure of the male reproductive system that stores spermatozoa during the maturation process

Answer 99

epididymis

Question 100

which of the following types of hormones stimulates a chemical response to a target cell by diffusing through the cell membrane to bind to the receptors inside the cell

Answer 100

fat-soluble hormones

Question 101

which of the following is an example of human error in an experiment

Answer 101

contaminating a sterile sample by breathing on it

Question 102

specialized cells called osteoblast form new bone tissue through deposition of calcium in which of the following processes

Answer 102

ossification