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Geography y9 > scienece > Flashcards

scienece Flashcards

(49 cards)

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1
Q

1st levels of organisation

A

a tissue is a group of similar cells that work together to perform a similar function

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2
Q

2nd layer of organisation

A

an organ is made up of a group of different tissues that work together to perform a similar function

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3
Q

3rd layer of organisation

A

an organ system is a group of different organs that work together to perform a similar function

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4
Q

last layer of organisation

A

a multicellular organism is made up of several organ systems working together to form all the processes needed to stay alive

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5
Q

what is gas exchange

A

when you breathe in oxygen and breathe out co2 which takes place in lungs

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6
Q

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

A

air enters through mouth & nose
it moves down the trachea (windpipe)
it moves down a bronchus (smaller tube)
moves through a bronchihole (tiny tube)
moves through an alveoluc (air sac)
oxygen then diffuses into blood

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7
Q

what happens in our body when we inhale

A

muscles between ribs contract -pulls ribcage up and down

diaphragm contracts - moves down

volume inside chest increases

pressure inside chest decreases

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8
Q

what happens in out body when we exhale

A

muscles between ribs relax- pulls ribcage down and in

diaphragm relaxes -moves up

voleume inside chest decreases

pressur inside chest increases

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9
Q

what is a bone

A

living tissue in a blood supply

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10
Q

functions of a skeleton

A

supports the body
protects vital oragnisms
helps the body move
makes blood cells

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11
Q

what is a joint

A

its where 2 or more bones join together

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12
Q

hinge joint

A

backwards and forwards movement

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12
Q

ball-and-socket-joint

A

all direction

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12
Q

what is a muscle

A

a type of tissue which work together to cause movement they can only pull

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12
Q

fixed joints

A

no movement

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12
Q

to bend arm vs straighten arm

A

b
biceps contract
triceps relax

s
biceps relax
triceps contract

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12
Q

what is photosynthesis

A

plants making food through the process of photosynthesis
the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create oxygen and energy in the form of sugar

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12
Q

word equation for photosynthesis

A

carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen

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13
Q

where does photosynthesis take place

A

mainly in chloroplasts in the leaf cells

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14
Q

how does water get into a plant?

Study These Flashcards
A

water diffuses into the roothair cells which is then transported around the plant in xylem tubes

15
Q

how do gases get in & out of a plant

Study These Flashcards
A

on the underside of the leaf there are tiny holes (stomata) which allow gases to dissuse into the leaf. c02 diffususes into the leaf & h2o diffuse out of the leaf

16
Q

minerals plants need

Study These Flashcards
A

nitrates - healthy growth
phosphates - healthy roots
potassium -healthy leaves & flowers
magensium - making chlorophyll

17
Q

whats mineral deficiency

Study These Flashcards
A

when a plant doesn’t grow enough minerals

18
Q

what is aerobic respiration

Study These Flashcards
A

glucose reacting with oxygen in a chemical reaction

19
aerobic respiration word equation
glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy
20
what is anaerobic respiration
respiration thet doesn't use oxygen
21
food chain
a diagram that shows what an organism eats
22
food web
a set of linked food chains which show the feeding relationships of organisms more easily
23
eco-system
plants & animals that are found in a particular location
24
metals and non metals side on periodic table
metals- right non-metals - left
25
properties of a metal
good conductor of heat & electricity soorous shiny high density high melting point malleable and ductile non metals poor conductor of electricity and heat not sonorous brittle low boiling point low density dull
26
groups and periods
groups - vertical columns periods- horizontal rows
27
elements of group 1
good conducter of electricity and heat shiny when freshly cut very reactive reactions get more vigorous from top to bottom alkali metals melting pointdecreases from top to bottom
28
elements of group 7
low melting points called hallogens dont conduct electricity brittle solid melting point increaes from top to bottom reeactions get less vigorous down the group
29
element of group 0
called noble gases low melting & boiling points unreactive noble gases get slightly more reacitve from top to bottom
30
acids and metals
some metals react with hydrochloric acid & the products are
31
how to canculate average speed
to calculate average speed, you divide the tota distance by the total time taken
32
what is an element
an element is a substance which cannot be broken down into other sybtances
33
what is an atom
smallest part of an element that can exist all the atoms of an element are thr same as eachother
34
what is a compound
A substance made up of atoms of 2 or more elements
35
what is a mollecule
a jroup of 2 or more atoms strongly joined together
36
acids & alkalis
acids taste sour alkali are more soapy
37
what is the pH scale
The pH scale measures how acidic an object is. The scale has values ranging from zero (the most acidic) to 14 (the most basic)
38
what is a wave (sound)
an oscillation or vibration that transfers energy. The distance from the centre to the top of the wave. The distance from one crest to the next crest is the wavelength
39
sound and energy transfer
sound is produced by objects that vibrate. This makes the air molecules move backwards and forwards a soundwave
40
where does sound travel fastest & slwoest
sound travels fastest in liquids and slowest in air. Sound cannot travel in empty spaces
41
loudness & pitch
the loudnes of a sound depends on the amplitude and the pitch of the sound depends on the frequency ( measured in hertz)
42
eye & the cornea
when you look at an apple the light is reflected off on the apple and into your pupil. The cornea and the lens focus the light on to the retina. The light forms an inverted image
43
how do we hear?
your eardrum vibrates and passes the vibration on to the ossicles. They are tiny bones that amplify the sound, which then make the oval window vibrate. This then passes the vibration on to the liquid of the cochlea. Specialised cells at the base of the hairs convert the movement to an electric signal which travels down the auditory nerve to your brain

Geography y9 (4 decks)

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