Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment

Question 1

What time period did philosophers begin the change their thinking?

Answer 1

15th and 16th centuries

Question 2

During this time period mathematics was vital to what three things?

Answer 2

Navigation, military science, and geography.

Question 3

Who developed the Heliocentric theory?

Answer 3

Nicolaus Copernicus

Question 4

Who is Johannes Kepler?

Answer 4

Destroyed the Ptolemaic System by developing laws of planetary movement.

Question 5

Who is considered the greatest Scientific Genius of this time period?

Answer 5

Isaac Newton

Question 6

Who is considered the founder of modern chemistry?

Answer 6

Antoine Lavoisier

Question 7

What became a force of Revolution?

Answer 7

Enlightenment

Question 8

Who were two thinkers who had a huge impact on the Enlightenment?

Answer 8

John Locke and Isaac Newton

Question 9

What types of people made up the Philisophers?

Answer 9

Writers, journalists, professors, economists, and reformers.

Question 10

Who was a big believer in the separation of powers?

Answer 10

Charles-Louis de Secondat

Question 11

What is Laisse Faire?

Answer 11

The philosophy that government should not interfere with people who are trying to conduct business.

Question 12

Who is Adam Smith and what is he known for?

Answer 12

A French founder of modern social science who is known for writing the Wealth of Nations

Question 13

Simplify the Social Contract? And Who wrote it?

Answer 13

A concept that all people should be forced to abide to society’s general will, written by Jean-Jaques Rosseau

Question 14

How were Enlightenment ideas spread?

Answer 14

Magazines, newspapers, books, and conversation.

Question 15

What rights were included in the idea of Natural Rights?

Answer 15

Equality in law, religious freedom, hold property, and pursue happiness.

Question 16

Explain the belief of most monarchs during this time and how that was viewed by
Philisophers?

Answer 16

Most monarchs believed they had to create war because it was their responsibility to grow their countries territory. It was viewed as a waste of lives, supplies, and food.

Question 17

How did England get land East of the Mississippi River?

Answer 17

The Treaty of Paris; The French gave it up to England.

Question 18

Who wrote Common Sense and what did it challenge?

Answer 18

Thomas Paine; It challenged the authority of the British Monarchy.

Question 19

What important American document was inspired by the Enlightenment and
started the American Revolution?

Answer 19

Declaration of Independence

Question 20

What three philisophers strongly influenced Thomas Jefferson who also supported
separation of church and state?

Answer 20

John Locke, Francis Bacon, and Isaac Newton.

Question 21

Describe the structure of our government.

Answer 21

A president serves as head, and the people elect the representatives.