Scientists And Years Flashcards
(20 cards)
Who provided the first evidence that DNA is a genetic material?
Avery, McLeod, and McCarty (by repeating Griffith’s transformation experiment).
What did Hershey and Chase prove?
They provided unequivocal proof that DNA is the carrier of genes using the T2 bacteriophage.
What is Chargaff’s rule?
The amount of purines (A & G) is equal to the amount of pyrimidines (T & C).
What did Wilkins and Franklin contribute to genetics?
They used X-ray diffraction to explain that DNA is a double helix.
What did Linus Pauling discover?
The concept of hydrogen bonds.
Who proposed the nucleosome model?
RD Kornberg and JO Thomas.
What was Frederick Griffith’s key discovery?
The Transforming Principle (using Streptococcus pneumoniae).
Who discovered DNA acids?
Friedrich Miescher.
What is the One Gene-One Polypeptide hypothesis?
It was proposed by Beadle and Tatum.
What did George Gamow propose?
The genetic code consists of 64 codons (4³).
What was Har Gobind Khorana’s contribution?
He developed chemical methods to synthesize RNA.
What did Marshall Nirenberg discover?
The role of cell-free systems for protein synthesis.
What did Severo Ochoa discover?
The enzyme polynucleotide phosphorylase.
What did Jacob and Monod study?
The concept of gene regulation in E. coli.
What did Frederick Sanger achieve?
Sequencing of DNA fragments and determining amino acid sequences in proteins (Insulin).
Who developed the technique of DNA fingerprinting?
Alec Jeffreys.
When did the Human Genome Project (HGP) begin?
1990
How long was the Human Genome Project planned to last?
13 years
When was the Human Genome Project completed?
2003
When was Chromosome 1 fully sequenced?
May 2006
