scince Flashcards
(21 cards)
what are the 5 characteristics of a mineral
naturally occurring
inorganic
solid
specific chemical composition (pure substance)
crystalline structure
what is a organic substance
it came FROM a living thing
what is an inorganic substance
it not come from a living thing
What is the difference between a pure substance and a mixture
a pure substance is made of only one type of substance either an element or a compound
A mixture does not have a specific chemical formula and is a blend of two or more
What types of substances do not have crystalline structure?
orgainc strucers man made substances, non soild and mixture
How many of the 5 characteristics of minerals must be true in order to consider the substance a mineral?
all 5
What is the difference between an ore and a gem?
and ore is mined for a profit
a gem is mined for its mined from beauty rarity and valued
what are the two ways minerals could form.
- magma that cools quickly
result in small minerals
when it cools slowly it turns into a large crystal (needs time to form)cooling of
-form solution
minerals that from after the evaporation of a liquid (usually water) in which the miners were dissolved
Silicates
Si &O (takes priority over all others )
Native elements
a single element
Halides
F or Cl
Carbonates
Co3
Sulfides
S
Sulfates
SO4 (takes priority over sulfates)
Oxides
metal ( Cu Fe Al and O)
What is the formula for density?
density = mass/volume
What are the two kinds of luster?
metallic = reflects light
non metallic = non reflective
What is the difference between fracture and cleavage?
cleavage= dreams evenly due to weak chemical bonds
fracture = breaks unevenly due to strong chemical bonds
What is the definition of hardness for a mineral?
the resistance of the mineral to scratches
Why do certain minerals not have streaks?
the miner is harder then the suface
Explain how to use Mohs Hardness scale to determine the hardness of a mineral.
if you have a miner with a hardness of a 4 is can scratch anything below 4 but not above 4
