Scramble

Question 1

What was the main cause of the First Opium War?

Answer 1

The British illegally sold opium to China, and China tried to stop the trade.

Question 2

Why did Britain sell opium to China?

Answer 2

To balance trade since Britain was importing large amounts of tea, silk, and porcelain from China.

Question 3

What treaty ended the First Opium War?

Answer 3

The Treaty of Nanjing (1842).

Question 3

What Chinese dynasty was in power during the Opium Wars?

Answer 3

The Qing Dynasty.

Question 4

What were the main terms of the Treaty of Nanjing?

Answer 4

China had to give Hong Kong to Britain, pay reparations, and open five ports to British trade.

Question 5

How did the Second Opium War start?

Answer 5

Britain and France attacked China after disputes over treaty terms and the arrest of British sailors.

Question 6

What treaty ended the Second Opium War?

Answer 6

The Treaty of Tianjin (1858), followed by the Treaty of Beijing (1860).

Question 7

What were the results of the Opium Wars for China?

Answer 7

Increased foreign influence, more ports opened, and weakened Qing control.

Question 8

How did the Opium Wars affect China’s sovereignty?

Answer 8

China lost control over trade and had to accept foreign laws in certain areas.

Question 9

Which countries fought against China in the Opium Wars?

Answer 9

Britain and France.

Question 10

What are “Unequal Treaties”?

Answer 10

Treaties that forced China to give special privileges to foreign powers.

Question 11

Name two unequal treaties China was forced to sign.

Answer 11

Treaty of Nanjing (1842) and Treaty of Tianjin (1858).

Question 12

What was extraterritoriality, and how did it benefit foreigners?

Answer 12

Foreigners in China were tried under their own country’s laws, not Chinese laws.

Question 13

What country benefited the most from the Treaty of Nanjing?

Answer 13

Britain.

Question 14

What was the significance of the Treaty of Tianjin (1858)?

Answer 14

It allowed foreign embassies in Beijing and opened more trade ports.

Question 15

How did the Treaty of Beijing (1860) impact China?

Answer 15

China ceded more land, including Kowloon, to Britain and legalized opium.

Question 16

What did China lose in the Treaty of Nanjing?

Answer 16

Money, Hong Kong, and control over its own trade policies.

Question 17

Which city became a British colony after the First Opium War?

Answer 17

Hong Kong.

Question 18

How did the Unequal Treaties weaken China?

Answer 18

They gave foreigners control over trade and legal systems, reducing Qing power.

Question 19

What role did Western powers play in enforcing Unequal Treaties?

Answer 19

They used military force to ensure China complied with the treaties.

Question 20

Who led the Taiping Rebellion?

Answer 20

Hong Xiuquan.

Question 21

What were the Taiping rebels fighting for?

Answer 21

Social reforms, equality, and the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty.

Question 22

How was the Taiping Rebellion different from other uprisings?

Answer 22

It had a strong religious component and aimed to create a new kingdom.

Question 23

What was the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom?

Answer 23

A rebel state in southern China with its own laws and leadership.

Question 24

What was one major belief of the Taiping movement?

Answer 24

Hong Xiuquan claimed to be the younger brother of Jesus Christ.

Question 25

Why was the Taiping Rebellion one of the deadliest conflicts in history?

Answer 25

Over 20 million people died from battles, famine, and disease.

Question 26

How did the Qing government defeat the Taiping rebels?

Answer 26

With help from Western-trained forces and local militias.

Question 27

What role did foreign powers play in the Taiping Rebellion?

Answer 27

They supported the Qing Dynasty to protect their trade interests.

Question 28

How did the Taiping Rebellion weaken the Qing Dynasty?

Answer 28

It drained resources and exposed the government’s weaknesses.

Question 29

What were the long-term effects of the Taiping Rebellion on China?

Answer 29

Increased instability and a push for modernization.

Question 30

Who were the Boxers, and what did they believe?

Answer 30

A secret society that opposed foreign influence and Christianity in China.

Question 31

Why did the Boxers target foreigners and Christians in China?

Answer 31

They believed foreigners were weakening China and causing economic problems.

Question 32

What was the slogan of the Boxers?

Answer 32

“Support the Qing, destroy the foreigners.”

Question 33

What was the role of Empress Dowager Cixi in the Boxer Rebellion?

Answer 33

She initially supported the Boxers but later fled when foreign forces attacked Beijing.

Question 34

How did foreign powers respond to the Boxer Rebellion?

Answer 34

They formed an international military alliance and invaded China.

Question 35

What was the Boxer Protocol, and what were its consequences?

Answer 35

A treaty that forced China to pay massive reparations and allowed foreign troops in Beijing.

Question 36

How did the Boxer Rebellion increase foreign control over China?

Answer 36

It led to stronger foreign military presence and more foreign influence in politics.

Question 37

What was the impact of the Boxer Rebellion on Chinese nationalism?

Answer 37

It fueled resentment toward foreign powers and inspired later revolutions.

Question 38

How did the Boxer Rebellion lead to more internal reforms in China?

Answer 38

The Qing government attempted modernization to strengthen China.

Question 39

What countries were involved in the Eight-Nation Alliance that suppressed the Boxer Rebellion?

Answer 39

Britain, France, Germany, Russia, Japan, the United States, Italy, and Austria-Hungary.