Screening Flashcards
(18 cards)
What define a fracture
Interruption of continuity of a bone
MOI of ankle fracture
- trauma
- accident
- fall from a height
- recent severe sprains
Risk factor of ankle fracture
Osteoporosis
Women over 50
Objective examination of ankle fracture
- swelling, joint effusion, hemarthrosis
-pulsating pain and sharp during palpation - WB avoidance
Ankle fracture screening
- Ottawa ankle rule
- Bernese ankle rule
- Tuning fork test
What is Ottawa ankle rules for ?
- Help the physiotherapist to understand if a X-ray is necessary or not after trauma
- identify for acute fractures of the hindfoot and midfoot ( reduced unnecessary Xray by 30-40%
For what participants does the Ottawa ankle rules not reliable?
Overweight and obese patient
Description of Bernese ankle rules and what it is used for
Use to identify if Xray necessary or not
- indirect fibular stress test
- direct medial malleolar stress
- compression stress of the midfoot and hindfoot
- preferable to use Ottawa as first stp
What is tuning fork test valid for
Valid for fractures of the lateral malleolus
Knee fracture screening tools
- Ottawa knee rule
- Pittsburgh decision rules
Ottawa knee rule description
Knee Xray is required only if
- > 55y
- isolated tenderness of head of fibula
- inability to flex to 90 degree
- inability to do 4 WB steps
Pittsburgh decision rules description
- fall or trauma (N) -> no need Xray
- fall or trauma (Y) -> age <12 or >50 (Y) -> need Xray
- fall or trauma (Y) -> age <12 or >50 (N)-> inability to do 4 WB steps (Y) -> need Xray
fall or trauma (Y) -> age <12 or >50 (N)-> inability to do 4 WB steps (N) -> no need xray
Hip fracture description
-Caused by minor trauma to skeletal segments weakened by other ongoing pathology and age.
(The same trauma would not generate fracture in healthy patient)
Most common location of proximal femur fracture
Neck region
Assessment hip fracture
- Patellar pubic percussion test
- Fulcrum test
Patellar public percussion test
Form of osteophony used in the assessment of bone integrity by analysing its vibration though the use of stethoscope and bony prominence percusion
Deep vein thrombosis definition and risk factor
Formation of a thrombus occluding a vein.
- > 40y
- recent surgery
- immobilization more than 3 days
- long plane journey in previous 4 weeks
- history of stoke, cancer heart attach, previous DVT
- use of oestrogen contraception, intravenous drugs
- episode of foot paleness and loss of pulse of dorsal artery of the foot
- history of stro
Objective examination of DVT
- warmth, oedema, pain on palpation of the calf, visible veins
- pain increase with walking and standing, decrease at rest and elevated position
- only 50% of patient present pain
- oedema is the most specific symptom
