SCX physics

Question 1

millimeters

Answer 1

x 10E-3

Question 2

micrometers

Answer 2

x 10E-6

Question 3

nanometers

Answer 3

x 10E-9

Question 4

picometers

Answer 4

x 10E-12

Question 5

kilo

Answer 5

x 10E3

Question 6

mega

Answer 6

x 10E6

Question 7

giga

Answer 7

x 10E9

Question 8

temperature

Answer 8

Average kinectic energy of particles in a substance

Question 9

Heat

Answer 9

total kinetic and potential energy of the particles in a substance.

Question 10

C to K

Answer 10

+ 273
-273

Question 11

Conduction

Answer 11

heat transfer usually between 2 solids.

Question 12

Conductors and insulators

Answer 12

Free flowing electrons in conductors and not many free flowing electrons in insulators (allowing flow of heat)

Question 13

Direction of heat

Answer 13

Hot to cold (until reaches equilbrium)

Question 14

Convection

Answer 14

Movement of heat between free flowing particles (liquids and gases)

Question 15

radiation

Answer 15

Heat transfer where no particles are required (can travel in a vaccum)

Question 16

Black
Shiny
White

Answer 16

• Absorbs/Emits most
  -Absorbs/Emits least
• Reflects most

Question 17

Specific heat capacity

Answer 17

The amount of energy required for 1kg of a substance to have its temperature raised by 1 degree C

Question 18

Q = mcΔT

Answer 18

Q = Joules (J)
m= mass (kg)
c = Specific heat capacity (Jkg-1C-1)
ΔT = Tf-Ti (C)

Question 19

E = P/t

Answer 19

E = Energy (J)
P = Power (W)
t = Time (s)

Question 20

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Answer 20

Radio Waves, Microwaves, Infrared, ROYGBIV, Ultraviolet, X rays, Gamma Rays

Question 21

Longitudinal Waves

Answer 21

Waves which oscillate in the direction parallel to the direction of the wave.

Question 22

Transversal Waves

Answer 22

Waves which oscillate perpendicular to the direction of the wave.

Question 23

Radio Waves

Answer 23

• Communication (Radio and TV)

Question 24

Microwaves

Answer 24

• Heating food
  -Communication (Wifi, mbile phones, satellites)

Question 25

Infrared

Answer 25

-Remote controls - Fibre optic communication - thermal imaging - night vision - motion sensors

Question 26

Visible Light

Answer 26

- Photographs/videos - Fibre optic communications

Question 27

Ultraviolet

Answer 27

- Suntan - Security marking -Fluorescent bulbs

Question 28

X-ray

Answer 28

- Medicine -Airport security

Question 29

Gamma rays

Answer 29

-Sterilising medical instruments - Treating cancer

Question 30

Photon

Answer 30

A massless packet or quantum of electromagnetic energy

Question 31

Diffraction

Answer 31

The bending of a wave as it passes through a gap or around a barrier

Question 32

Magnetic field

Answer 32

An area where a ferromagnectic metal or charge experiences a force

Question 33

AC current

Answer 33

Alternating current is an electric current that periodically reverses direction.

Question 34

Step up and step down transformers

Answer 34

A transformer is a device used to increase or decrease the voltage in a circuit. Two coils of wire around a soft iron core use the concepts of electromagnetic induction to do this.

Question 35

How does a AC generator generate electricity

Answer 35

An AC generator (alternator) converts mechanical energy into electrical energy using electromagnetic induction. Inside the generator, a coil of wire rotates within a magnetic field. As the coil spins, it cuts through the magnetic lines of force, which induces a current in the wire. Because the direction of motion changes every half turn, the induced current also reverses direction, producing an alternating current (AC). There are slip rings and brushes present to keep the circuit complete and to make sure the current continues to flow in the external circuit. The faster the coil spins, the greater the voltage generated, and this entire process follows Fleming’s Right-Hand Rule.

Question 36

Nuclear Fission

Answer 36

Nuclear power plants generate electricity using nuclear fission, a process where heavy atoms like uranium-235 are split into smaller atoms, releasing a huge amount of heat energy. This heat is used to boil water, producing steam that spins a turbine, which drives a generator to produce electricity. The reaction takes place in a nuclear reactor, and control rods are used to manage the rate of fission, keeping the process stable and safe. Unlike fossil fuels, nuclear power doesn’t release carbon dioxide, making it a low-emission energy source.