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1
Q

What are the rules which apply on society?

A
  1. The views of those who have the most power
  2. The influence of those who have a subordinate position
  3. The power each party has to get its way
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2
Q

When is a problem a social problem?

A
  1. Has consequences for large groups of people in a society
  2. Is caused by social developments
  3. Has to do with conflicting interests
  4. Demands a social solution
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3
Q

What is a dilemma?

A

Difficult choice to make between two or more alternatives

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4
Q

How do conflicts arise?

A

From differences in vision

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5
Q

Can conflicting interests exist in the same person?

A

Yes

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6
Q

What is a value?

A

A basic principle that people consider important and to which they therefore want to aspire (eg. Health, freedom, family)

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7
Q

What is an ideal?

A

Concrete values what we very much want to realise

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8
Q

What are norms?

A

Views on how we are supposed to behave on the basic of a certain value, norms always belong to a value

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9
Q

What is power?

A

Having authority to forcibly influence the behaviour of others

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10
Q

What is formal power?

A

Power which is laid down in regulations and laws

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11
Q

What is informal power?

A

Power without a formal system of regulations and sanctions

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12
Q

Give examples from sources of power

A

Money, function, profession, knowledge, violence, social status

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13
Q

What is an interest?

A

Something which is to the advantage or disadvantage of a person of a group

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14
Q

Which things can you ask to check the reliability?

A
  1. Which source has been used?
  2. Is there a clear distinction between facts and opinions?
  3. Is something looked at from different sides?
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15
Q

What is subjective and objective?

A

Objective is that the information is based on facts , subjective is that the information is based on opinions

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16
Q

What is manipulation?

A

When facts are purposely left out or distorted without the receiver being aware of it

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17
Q

What is propaganda?

A

Intentionally and repeatedly giving one sided information for the purpose of influencing people’s opinion

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18
Q

What is indoctrination?

A

Systematically and forcefully, one sided views are imposed on the public for a long time so that the public accepts these views uncritically

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19
Q

What is a frame of reference?

A

All the knowledge,experience, norms,values and customs you posses

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20
Q

What is selective perception?

A

Each piece of information is distorted in such a way as to fit into a person’s frame of reference

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21
Q

What is stereotyping?

A

A fixed image of a group of people, by which you apply the same characteristics to all the members of the group

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22
Q

What is prejudice?

A

Preconceived and hastily formed opinion about someone or something without knowing all the facts

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23
Q

What is social cohesion?

A

The degree in which people who are bound together socially- in a country for example, get the feeling that they belong together

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24
Q

What is legislative, executive and judicial?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Legislative is the house of representatives and the senate
  • executive is the council of ministers, the king and queen and the prime minister
  • judicial are the judges ‘
25
What is an actor?
Networks, organisations or individuals that also play a role in the political system
26
What is a regional system?
People elect the president indirectly, ‘the winner takes all’, through geographical constituencies, the popular vote (if it’s not divided in regions) , US and UK
27
What is the proportional representation?
Head of government is appointed by being the leader of the party forming the government (after elections)(NL), whole country is an electoral constituency, even smalles parties can have seats in parliament
28
What is decentralisation?
Central (national) government had too much power, too many responsibilities -> they gave some to lower levels
29
What are the different governments?
1. Provincial; deals with cases like infrastructure, transport, waterways (not very powerful or popular, voter turnout not that high) 2. Municipal (gemeente); deal with local issues, which are different in every town (very powerful and popular, which shows in local political parties)
30
What is the bicameral system?
There are two houses of parliament, the first and second chamber
31
What is the senate?
The first chamber, part of the parliament, the legislative branch
32
What is the government?
The cabinet = all ministers , the government = all ministers + king , is the executive branch
33
Co-legislation
- voting right ; second chamber can adopt or reject bills (wetten) - right of amendment ; second chamber can change bills and only pass them when this has been done - right of initiative; members of second chamber can submit bills themselves - budgetary right; plans of government always have to be accounted financially in the budget of each separate ministry
34
How do they check ministers?
- right of motion - right to question (also first chamber) - right of interpellation (also first chamber) - right of enquiry (also first chamber)
35
What are the 4 pillars?
- liberalism - socialism/communism - catholic - protestant
36
Changing of pillars?
Tension between catholics and protestants began to disappear, parties began to merge -> depillarisation ; a change towards individualism (not connected to a movement)
37
What happened in 1848?
The Netherlands adopted a constitutionally governed democratic political system with a figurehead monarch (king lost power)
38
What happened in 1814?
Introduction of a bicameral legislature under a constitutional monarchy
39
Comparisons of the two systems (proportional and regional)?
- proportional system seems fairer than regional system - proportional system is more distant from the people they represent - with regional system national politics are brought closer to people - with proportional system governments are less likely to be elected by a minority of the electorate
40
Which parties are there in UK and US?
In UK ; labour and conservative party | In US ; republicans and democrats
41
What is a central government?
The government that is a controlling power over a unitary state, has the power to make laws for the whole country
42
How much elections for provincial and municipal councils?
Every four years
43
Mayors
- Appointed by central government (in NL) , - serve 6 years , - often cabinet ministers, - they are powerful , - major administrative and public responsibilities , - politically close to people , - top level position
44
Reasons for the loss of parliament’s power?
- central governments saw a sudden expansion of their tasks and responsibilities with the rise of technological societies - parliament too often lack the expertise and specialist knowledge - parliament is an old fashioned institution based on debate and discussion
45
Parliamentary commissions
Every bill should have a place in commissions: economic affairs, finance, justice, education, enz , members from different parties
46
Materialist politics
Traditional party politics that deals with material issues first and foremost; housing, wages, taxes and legal regulation of property and ownership
47
Post-materialist politics
Non-material values that have taken centre stage in developed democracies like the Netherlands; gender, sexuality, peace and war, race and ethnicity, culture and arts
48
Left wing and right wing
Left ; more government intervention in social and economic life, favouring a more extensive and generous welfare state Right ; - government should stay out of economic and social life , - agree with intervention of government, but not as much as left , - decline in voting interest , - more power for municipalities , - combination of regional and proportional voting system
49
4 functions of media
1. The channel through which citizens must find out about political system that governs their lives 2. Informs also about other things (not political) 3. Entertainment 4. Watchdog function
50
Sovereignty
The exclusive right of a state to make decisions without outside interference
51
EU
19 countries
52
Council of ministers
Councils with ministers from the governments of the different EU countries
53
European parliament
751 seats (26 NL) , sit together in groups
54
Rules from EU
- European parliament can’t force European commissioners to resign - if 1/3 disagree with a proposal, the proposal should be reconsidered - when 1 million citizens will sign for a subject , the European commission is asked to come up with a proposal
55
Court of justice EU
- Judicial power; makes statements based on EU laws, each member state provides a judge (28 judges) , gate for justice - Legislative power; European commission , European parliament , checks executive power - Executive power; European commission
56
Positive criticism about EU
- cooperation is necessary to be able to solve problems related to immigration, the environment and the economy - a cooperation Europe is stronger against other large countries - cooperation reduces the risk of conflicts between member stated and with other countries
57
Criticism EU
- giving up national sovereignty - unemployment will rise - doubts about arrival of the euro - turnouts in elections to the European Parliament is low
58
Ideologies EU
- liberals ; VVD, D66 - socialists ; SP, DENK, PVDA - confessionals ; CDA, CU (They sit together)

Maatschappijleer (1 decks)

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