Se + Cr Flashcards
(16 cards)
what is the RDA of Se?
55ug/day
increased with pregnancy + lactation
what are food sources of Se?
Brazil nuts, sunflower seeds, fish/shellfish
what is the RDA of Cr?
AI
35ug/day males
25ug/day females
increase with pregnancy + lactation
decrease with elderly
what are food sources of Cr?
broccoli, tomatos, romaine*, beer
*amount depends on region/soil
what is the role of Se
function as selenoproteins
- antioxidant (glutathione peroxidase)
- enzymatic conversion of T4 to T3
- reduces impact of arsenic toxicity
what is the role of Cr
- required for biological processes (carb + lipid metabolism)
- improves insulin signalling through phosphorylation and activation of insulin receptors inside the cell
- activates tyrosine kinase
- increases B-cell sensitivity
what are the physio-chemical properties of Se
GTX1: specific for glutathione in cells/plasma
GTX2: primary expression in the intestine
GTX3: kidney + secreted into plasma
GTX4: reduces phospholipids + cholesterol hyperperoxides that gtx1 doesn’t
DI-1: major enzyme converting T4 to T3 in ER of liver/kidney
DI-2: brain/skin/adipose
DI-3: fetal liver/CNS/msucle
what are the signs of Se deficiency
Keshan disease: cardiomyopathy
what are the signs of Se toxicity
- 400-1000ug brittle hair/nails, garlic breath
- > 2000ug vomit/diarrhea
- gs/day heart attack, kidney failure
what oxidation state of Cr is essential for function + main carrier protein
Cr 3+
transferrin
how is Cr transported
- no specific transporter
- concentrated in kidney + muscle + liver
- moves from blood to body cells/chromodulin via transferrin
what is the Cr binding capacity/ratio of transferrin + chromodulin
1 transferrin binds 2 Cr
1 chromodulin binds 4 Cr
what diseases does chromium help with + how
type 2 diabetes because of imrpoved insulin sensitivty, supplemental chromium picolinate
what are the signs of Cr deficiency
- elevated cholesterol + TGs / decreased HDL
- nerve/brain disorders
what are the signs of Cr toxicity
no UL
- Cr 6+ may be a carcinogen
