Sec 1

Question 1

Competitive strategy

Answer 1

An organization’s competitive strategy is its approach to gain competitive advantage over its competitors.

Question 2

Core technology

Answer 2

This refers to the methods for producing a product or a service, which includes the knowledge, skills, processes, and equipment that are involved in production.

Question 3

Organizational structure

Answer 3

This is the mechanism used to group and coordinate individuals within the organization, and organizational structure is often reflected in the organizational chart, policies, and procedures.

Question 4

Organizational culture

Answer 4

This includes the shared beliefs, values, and norms or the unwritten rules of behavior of individuals in the organization

Question 5

Human resource practices

Answer 5

This involves the organizational practices associated with hiring, firing, developing, and rewarding individuals who work for the organization.

Question 6

Precrisis Phase

Answer 6

Crises may develop over time and emit early warning signals before they are manifested

Question 7

Crisis Phase

Answer 7

when a crisis event occurs and becomes visible

Question 8

Postcrisis Phase

Answer 8

the intensity of a crisis diminishes and it moves to its final phase. In this phase, the organization needs to recover from the crisis experience.

Question 9

crisis to leaders is

Answer 9

unintentional changes that leaders are forced to address

Question 10

moral conation

Answer 10

capacity to feel responsible, to be motivated to take action on moral issues, and to persevere during difficult situations

Question 11

Moral ownership

Answer 11

extent to which individuals feel psychologically responsible to ensure that their behaviors, and those of others are ethical

Question 12

Moral efficacy

Answer 12

belief that one can make a positive difference and can persevere in a moral situation

Question 13

Moral courage

Answer 13

ability to face danger and to persist while standing up for moral principles

Question 14

3 causes of decline

Answer 14

internal dysfunctions and failures
mismanagement by leaders
presence of external threats

Question 15

5 stages of organizational growth

Answer 15

Creativity
Direction
Delegation
Coordination
Collaboration

Question 16

Creativity Stage

Answer 16

entrepreneurs strive to create a business venture by developing new products or services and by attracting resources from funding agencies and customers

Question 17

Direction Stage

Answer 17

able to create efficiencies by establishing more formal structures and systems for managing people, inventory, budgets, and customers can transition to the direction stage

Question 18

Delegation Stage

Answer 18

transition to the next stage of growth, leaders tend to decentralize the organization and delegate more to lower level managers

Question 19

Coordination Stage

Answer 19

top managers can create structures, such as product groups and use profit-sharing mechanisms to foster a greater sense of cohesiveness and synergy within the organization

Question 20

Collaboration Stage

Answer 20

organization strives to become more adaptable by fostering teamwork and collaboration

Question 21

Transformative begch3

Answer 21

causing a major change to something or someone, especially in a way that makes it or them better

Question 22

TCM approach

Answer 22

more positive, value-centered approach could result in more constructive outcomes during crisis management

Question 23

TCM phases

Answer 23

crisis prep
containment
recovery
growth

Question 24

TCM critical processes

Answer 24

Leadership
Self-Managing
Communication
Learning

Question 25

non transformative crisis management

Answer 25

builds the framework for crisis management but does not fully implement, manage, or practice it

Question 26

resilience

Answer 26

the ability to adjust to, function, and thrive during and after adversity

Question 27

positive reslience

Answer 27

coping and growing without unfair cost to others before, during, and after crises

Question 28

catalyst for positive change

Answer 28

creating positive change in ones environment before, during, and after crises

Question 29

3 benefits of TCM approach

Answer 29

Enhanced Performance and Relationships Improved Coping and Well-Being Learning and Growth

Question 30

structural TCM approach

Answer 30

structure and anatomy of organizations, their vulnerability to crises, and how the capacity to be resilient and reliable can be built into systems

Question 31

cognitive TCM approach

Answer 31

focused on how individuals make sense during the ambiguity of crises and the biases that influence decision-making and how individuals and the organization can learn from crisis experiences

Question 32

relational TCM approach

Answer 32

focused on the importance of stakeholders during a crisis, leadership behaviors in these situations, possible communication strategies to influence stakeholders, trust and relational disturbances, and the need for healing organizational relational wounds

Question 33

TCM roots in research

Answer 33

- systems thinking - crisis management literature - transformational change literature - positive psychology and its outgrowth positive organizational scholarship - the literature on business ethics and character - literature on societal differences and cross-cultural issues

Question 34

How are leaders a resource during TCM begch4

Answer 34

provide transformative vision and set direction motivate and inspire transformative behaviors organize and facilitate the execution of the vision build a social network of positive relationships

Question 35

What is a transformative mindset

Answer 35

- beliefs that reduce stress, open learning, enhance resilience, that they must persevere through a challenge - important to transform negative situations by minimizing damage and maximizing positive outcomes. - if they can make a positive difference in a negative situation, they should be agents of change.

Question 36

what are important transformative values

Answer 36

purpose and heart clear sense of personal morality/behavior transparent value relationships product of their own life experiences moral and trustworthy create cultures and practices where ethical behavior is expected

Question 37

important leadership/personality traits

Answer 37

extraversion openness to experience conscientiousness

Question 38

important leadership abilities

Answer 38

lead change use multiple forms of intelligence elaborated after tables 4.1 and 4.2

Question 39

important sources of power during TCM

Answer 39

``` Informational Reward Coercive Referent Expertise Legitimate desc. after experiential exercise 4.1 ```

Question 40

how can leadership capacity for TCM be built

Answer 40

Hire leaders Utilize performance appraisals and rewards training experiential and vicarious learning address psychological trauma from ones past

Question 41

TCM

Answer 41

Transformative Crisis Management

Question 42

strategies for leaders to motivate

Answer 42

Communicate continually encourage their followers to embrace challenges Manage task execution as being fair and just Evoke positive emotions that inspire

Question 43

Big 5 personality traits

Answer 43

``` Extraversion Openness to experience Conscientiousness Neuroticism Agreeableness ```

Question 44

4 cycles of change in TCM

Answer 44

build crisis preparedness capacity containing a crisis recovering from a crisis postcrisis growth

Question 45

Change leadership process

Answer 45

ch4 table 4.1 8 steps

Question 46

Leadership tasks during TCM

Answer 46

Ch4 table 4.2 4 tasks

Question 47

the multiple forms of intelligence

Answer 47

``` Cognitive Emotional Social Cultural Ethical Political ```

Question 48

subset abilities of ethical intelligence

Answer 48

moral awareness of ethical issues morally reason to assess the consequences behave ethically communicate and acknowledge ethical discrepancies

Question 49

political intellegience abilities

Answer 49

- politically savvy and socially astute, understanding power dynamics and how much power people have - identify and use influence strategies and be flexible in this process - political while being sincere, trustworthy, and honest - Build social networks, coalitions, and alliances with others who have resources and power

Question 50

How are individuals a resource during TCM begch5

Answer 50

Builders of resources and systems Problem solvers that resolve issues Constructive disruptors of the status quo

Question 51

What mind sets and values are important

Answer 51

Table 5.1 Beliefs About Personal Responsibility Beliefs About One’s Role as a Change Agent Beliefs About Task Excellence Beliefs About Relationships Beliefs About One’s Role Relative to the Leader Individuals’ Values

Question 52

What are some important personality traits

Answer 52

Table 5.2

Question 53

What are some important abilities

Answer 53

Task Management Relationship Management Self-management Table 5.3

Question 54

How can organizations support transformative individuals

Answer 54

``` provide leaders with transformative mindsets other transformative individuals org culture character identity that values transformative behaviors positive and reliable relationships adaptable infrastructure and resources supportive human resource practices ```

Question 55

Transformative individuals as builders

Answer 55

tend to build capacity and psychological resources for others around them during TCM

Question 56

Transformative individuals as problem solvers

Answer 56

able to diagnose the causes of problems, improvise, and innovate to identify solutions to resolve problems, plan and envision a path to resolution, and execute their plans

Question 57

Transformative Individuals as Constructive Disruptors

Answer 57

can be courageous and able to constructively challenge their leaders, if necessary

Question 58

Transformative Traits

Answer 58

Integrity Hope Courage

Question 59

Other Topics

Answer 59

- Rituals of Recovery - Mindfulness and Constructive Thought Management Strategies - Evoking positive emotions and finding meaning - Maintaining positive relationships - Appreciating accomplishments and small wins