Sec 1 Introduction and chpater 1

Question 1

What is history

Answer 1

History is the study of the past

Question 2

Types of sources

Answer 2

Artefacts, pictorial records, written accounts and records, oral accounts

Question 3

What are artefacts

Answer 3

Objects used and left behind by ppl in past

Question 4

What are pictorial records

Answer 4

Maps, photographs, painting, posters, cartoons

Question 5

What are written accounts and records

Answer 5

Personal and government documents, newspapers, letters, books

Question 6

What are oral accounts

Answer 6

Spoken words, stories, eyewitness accounts

Question 7

What happens when new evidence come to light?

Answer 7

Claims about the past may change

Question 8

Why study history

Answer 8

• understand what ppl went thru in the past
• make connections between past n present, anticipate future
• acquire critical thinking skills

Question 9

When was sg yr of independence

Answer 9

1965

Question 10

How is sg important to the world

Answer 10

Sg is an important trading centre

Question 11

Who was dominant during 1st to 7th century

Answer 11

Funan kingdom, port of oc eo

Question 12

Who was dominant from 7 to 13 century

Answer 12

Srivijaya empire, port of palembang

Question 13

Who was dominant from 13 to 16 century

Answer 13

Majapahit, port of gresik/ melaka sultanate, port of melaka

Question 14

who was dominant from 16 to 18 century

Answer 14

Johor sultanate

Question 15

What is decade

Answer 15

10 yrs

Question 16

What is century

Answer 16

100 yrs

Question 17

What is millennium

Answer 17

1000 yrs

Question 18

Where is sg geographical location

Answer 18

Sg is part of the region of southeast asia, south of China and east of India

Question 19

What was china demanded for

Answer 19

Silk, ceramics

Question 20

What products from southeast asia were valuable in China and India

Answer 20

Spices, scented wood, shells

Question 21

What is most important trade link between civilisations of asia, middle east, europe

Answer 21

Silk Road

Question 22

Why did silk road become less used

Answer 22

Route became less safe as there was increased danger and difficulties

Question 23

What route was used instead of silk road

Answer 23

Maritime Route

Question 24

What happened in response of the increased use of maritime trade route

Answer 24

Trading centres emerged and developed in Southeast Asia

Question 25

How did some maritime ports grow into small kingdoms (maritime kingdoms)

Answer 25

Travellers from china, india, middle east, southeast asia would stop at various ports to pick up items to trade or acquire supplies or wait for favourable weather conditions to continue their journeys

Question 26

Give 2 examples of maritime kingdoms in southeast asia

Answer 26

Srivijaya, melaka sultanate

Question 27

What route is the quickest from China to India or vice versa

Answer 27

Straits of Melaka

Question 28

What is the advantages of taking faster routes

Answer 28

- Reduces amount and cost of supplies | - Reduces risk of pirate attacks n accidents

Question 29

How else does singapore location benefit (winds)

Answer 29

Monsoon winds

Question 30

What is monsoon winds

Answer 30

Seasonal rain-bearing winds

Question 31

What are the two types of monsoon winds

Answer 31

Southwest monsoons blow from June to Sep | Northeast monsoons blow from dec to mar

Question 32

Which countries have attempted to control straits of melaka

Answer 32

Chinese, Portuguese, dutch, japanese, british

Question 33

Where did srivijaya develop

Answer 33

Srivijaya developed around the port of Palembang in Sumatra

Question 34

Where did external threats to Srivijaya come from

Answer 34

``` Chola Kingdom (Southern India) Siamese Kingdom (Thailand) Majapahit (Java) ```

Question 35

Why did Singapore grow in popularity in 14 Century

Answer 35

- decline of srivijaya, trade shifted northwards | - Trade between China and southeast Asia increased

Question 36

Why had Singapore declined by the 15 century (5 reasons)

Answer 36

- overshadowed by new port :melaka - climatic and economic changes affected trade with China, Chinese economy collapsed - trade between China and southeast asia suffered - Fell prey to external threats - Melaka sultanate became one of the dominant trading centres

Question 37

Which countries created external threats to Singapore

Answer 37

Kingdoms of Majapahit | Kingdoms of Ayutthaya (thailand)

Question 38

How did Melaka grow as a trading centre (2 reasons)

Answer 38

- Parameswara established Melaka’s status as a vassal of China (pay tribute to China for protection in return) - Given security from threats posed by rivals

Question 39

What happened to Sg when Melaka grew as a trading centre

Answer 39

Sg was overshadowed by melaka and ceased to serve its previous role as the centre of trade linking the Indian ocean and south china sea

Question 40

Why was Sg still important to Melaka

Answer 40

SG was home to Orang Laut

Question 41

Who is the orang laut

Answer 41

Seafaring ppl who were the backbone of Melaka’s naval forces

Question 42

What happened at the beginning of the 16 century (about europe)

Answer 42

Religious, political and economic rivalries were intensifying among major powers of Europe This conflict and competition was spreading to Asia

Question 43

Which was the maritime nations that had a rivalry on Asia

Answer 43

Spain, portugal and netherlands

Question 44

Who accompanied the europeans

Answer 44

Christians Missionaries who ventured to India, China and southeast asia

Question 45

What happened to melaka sultanate as european influence was growing

Answer 45

Melaka Sultanate was weakened and divided by power struggles n internal rivalries

Question 46

What did the sultan of Melaka sultanate do (2 things)

Answer 46

He fled with a group of loyal officials and orang lauts. Established a new kingdom along johor river known as Johor sultanate

Question 47

What was the title of the official based in SG

Answer 47

Shahbandar

Question 48

What does the presence of a shahbandar indicate and what is shahbandar’s duty

Answer 48

SG could have been an important trading centre for the johor sultanate as his duty was to oversee foreign trading communities and issue trading licenses to foreign traders

Question 49

How was SG useful to Johor sultanate

Answer 49

It was a gateway for a system of trade that passed from china thru SG and down to Johor River

Question 50

When n why did SG decline in importance again (7 reasons)

Answer 50

- mid 17th century - political changes - dutch established a main base at Batavia (Jakarta) - Became dominant Europe power after capturing Melaka from portugese - by 18 century, maritime traffic was bypassing SG - political crisis, assassination of childless Sultan Mahmud Shah ll - capital of johor sultanate moved to riau

Question 51

When did dutch establish a main base in batavia

Answer 51

1619

Question 52

When did dutch capture Melaka from portugese

Answer 52

1641

Question 53

When was Sultan Mahmud assassinated

Answer 53

1699